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US Gold (USAU)
NASDAQ:USAU
US Market
USAU
US Gold
RESEARCH TOOLSreports

US Gold (USAU) Risk Analysis

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Public companies are required to disclose risks that can affect the business and impact the stock. These disclosures are known as “Risk Factors”. Companies disclose these risks in their yearly (Form 10-K), quarterly earnings (Form 10-Q), or “foreign private issuer” reports (Form 20-F). Risk factors show the challenges a company faces. Investors can consider the worst-case scenarios before making an investment. TipRanks’ Risk Analysis categorizes risks based on proprietary classification algorithms and machine learning.

US Gold disclosed 43 risk factors in its most recent earnings report. US Gold reported the most risks in the “Finance & Corporate” category.

Risk Overview Q1, 2026

Risk Distribution
43Risks
47% Finance & Corporate
21% Production
19% Legal & Regulatory
7% Macro & Political
5% Tech & Innovation
2% Ability to Sell
Finance & Corporate - Financial and accounting risks. Risks related to the execution of corporate activity and strategy
This chart displays the stock's most recent risk distribution according to category. TipRanks has identified 6 major categories: Finance & corporate, legal & regulatory, macro & political, production, tech & innovation, and ability to sell.

Risk Change Over Time

S&P500 Average
Sector Average
Risks removed
Risks added
Risks changed
US Gold Risk Factors
New Risk (0)
Risk Changed (0)
Risk Removed (0)
No changes from previous report
The chart shows the number of risks a company has disclosed. You can compare this to the sector average or S&P 500 average.

The quarters shown in the chart are according to the calendar year (January to December). Businesses set their own financial calendar, known as a fiscal year. For example, Walmart ends their financial year at the end of January to accommodate the holiday season.

Risk Highlights Q1, 2026

Main Risk Category
Finance & Corporate
With 20 Risks
Finance & Corporate
With 20 Risks
Number of Disclosed Risks
43
+2
From last report
S&P 500 Average: 31
43
+2
From last report
S&P 500 Average: 31
Recent Changes
4Risks added
2Risks removed
0Risks changed
Since Apr 2026
4Risks added
2Risks removed
0Risks changed
Since Apr 2026
Number of Risk Changed
0
No changes from last report
S&P 500 Average: 1
0
No changes from last report
S&P 500 Average: 1
See the risk highlights of US Gold in the last period.

Risk Word Cloud

The most common phrases about risk factors from the most recent report. Larger texts indicate more widely used phrases.

Risk Factors Full Breakdown - Total Risks 43

Finance & Corporate
Total Risks: 20/43 (47%)Above Sector Average
Share Price & Shareholder Rights10 | 23.3%
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 1
Anti-takeover provisions may impede the acquisition of our Company.
Certain provisions of the Nevada Revised Statutes have anti-takeover effects and may inhibit a non-negotiated merger or other business combination. These provisions are intended to encourage any person interested in acquiring us to negotiate with, and to obtain the approval of, our Board in connection with such a transaction. However, certain of these provisions may discourage a future acquisition of us, including an acquisition in which the stockholders might otherwise receive a premium for their shares. As a result, stockholders who might desire to participate in such a transaction may not have the opportunity to do so.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 2
Our articles of incorporation allow for our Board to create new series of preferred stock without further approval by our stockholders, which could adversely affect the rights of the holders of our common stock.
Our Board has the authority to fix and determine the relative rights and preferences of preferred stock. Board also has the authority to issue preferred stock without further stockholder approval. As a result, our Board could authorize the issuance of a series of preferred stock that would grant to holders the preferred right to our assets upon liquidation, the right to receive dividend payments before dividends are distributed to the holders of our common stock and the right to the redemption of the shares, together with a premium, prior to the redemption of our common stock. In addition, our Board could authorize the issuance of a series of preferred stock that has greater voting power than our common stock or that is convertible into our common stock, which could decrease the relative voting power of our common stock or result in dilution to our existing stockholders.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 3
Our issuance of additional shares of common stock or securities convertible into common stock in exchange for services would dilute the proportionate ownership and voting rights of existing stockholders and could have a negative impact on the market price of our common stock.
Our Board may generally issue shares of common stock or securities convertible into common stock without further approval by our stockholders, based upon such factors that our Board may deem relevant at that time. We have also issued securities as payment for services. It is possible that we will issue additional securities to pay for services in the future. We cannot give you any assurance that we will not issue additional shares of common stock or securities convertible into common stock under circumstances we may deem appropriate at the time.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 4
Sales, offers or availability for sale of a substantial number of shares of our common stock may cause the price of our common stock to decline.
Sales of substantial amounts of the common stock, or the availability of such securities for sale, could adversely affect the prevailing market prices for the common stock. A decline in the market prices of the common stock could impair our ability to raise additional capital through the sale of securities should we desire to do so. In addition, if our stockholders sell substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market or upon the expiration of any statutory holding period, under Rule 144, or upon the exercise of outstanding options or warrants, it could create a circumstance commonly referred to as an "overhang" in anticipation of which the market price of our common stock could decline. The existence of an overhang, whether or not sales have occurred or are occurring, also could make it more difficult for us to raise additional financing through the sale of equity or equity-related securities in the future at a time and price that we deem reasonable or appropriate.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 5
There is currently a limited trading market for our common stock and we cannot ensure that one will ever develop or be sustained.
Although our common stock is currently listed on NASDAQ, there is limited trading activity. We can give no assurance that an active market will develop, or if developed, that it will be sustained. If an investor acquires shares of our common stock, the investor may not be able to liquidate our shares should there be a need or desire to do so. There can be no assurance that there will be an active market for our shares of common stock either now or in the future. The market liquidity of our common stock is limited and may be dependent on the market perception of our business, among other things. We may, in the future, take certain steps, including utilizing investor awareness campaigns, press releases, road shows and conferences to increase awareness of our business and any steps that we might take to bring us to the awareness of investors may require we compensate consultants with cash and/or stock. There can be no assurance that there will be any awareness generated or the results of any efforts will result in any impact on our trading volume. Consequently, investors may not be able to liquidate their investment or liquidate it at a price that reflects the value of the business and trading may be at an inflated price relative to our performance due to, among other things, availability of sellers of our shares. If a market should develop, the price may be highly volatile. Because there may be a low price for our shares of common stock, many brokerage firms or clearing firms may not be willing to effect transactions in the securities or accept our shares for deposit in an account. Even if an investor finds a broker willing to effect a transaction in the shares of our common stock, the combination of brokerage commissions, transfer fees, taxes, if any, and any other selling costs may exceed the selling price. Further, many lending institutions will not permit the use of low-priced shares of common stock as collateral for any loans.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 6
Volatility in the price of our common stock may subject us to securities litigation.
As discussed above, the market for our common stock is characterized by significant price volatility when compared to seasoned issuers, and we expect that our share price will continue to be more volatile than a seasoned issuer for the indefinite future. In the past, plaintiffs have initiated securities class action litigation against a company following periods of volatility in the market price of its securities. We may in the future be the target of similar litigation. Securities litigation could result in substantial costs and liabilities and could divert management's attention and resources.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 7
Our stock price may be volatile.
The market price of our common stock is likely to be highly volatile and could fluctuate widely in price in response to various factors, many of which are beyond our control, including the following: - results of our operations and exploration efforts;   - fluctuation in the supply of, demand and market price for gold and copper;   - our ability to obtain working capital financing;   - additions or departures of key personnel;   - limited "public float" in the hands of a small number of persons whose sales or lack of sales could result in positive or negative pricing pressure on the market price for our common stock;   - our ability to execute our business plan;   - sales of our common stock and decline in demand for our common stock;   - regulatory developments;   - economic and other external factors;   - investor perception of our industry or our prospects; and   - period-to-period fluctuations in our financial results. In addition, the securities markets have from time-to-time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that are unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. These market fluctuations may also materially and adversely affect the market price of our common stock. As a result, shareholders may be unable to resell their shares of our common stock at a desired price.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 8
We may not meet the continued listing requirements of the NASDAQ, which could result in a delisting of our common stock.
Our common stock is listed on the NASDAQ. We have in the past, and may in the future, be unable to comply with certain of the listing standards that we are required to meet to maintain the listing of our common shares on the NASDAQ. If NASDAQ delists our common stock from trading on its exchange for failure to meet the listing standards, we and our stockholders could face significant material adverse consequences including: - a limited availability of market quotations for our securities;   - a determination that our common stock is a "penny stock" which will require brokers trading in our common stock to adhere to more stringent rules, possibly resulting in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for our common stock;   - a limited amount of analyst coverage; and   - a decreased ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional financing in the future. Delisting could also have other negative results, including the potential loss of confidence by employees, the loss of institutional investor interest and fewer business development opportunities.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 9
If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our stock price and trading volume could decline.
The trading market for our common stock will depend in part on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us or our business. We have relatively little research coverage by securities and industry analysts. If no additional industry analysts commence coverage of the Company, the trading price for our common stock could be negatively impacted. If one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrades our common stock or publishes inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our stock price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of us or fail to publish reports on us regularly, demand for our common stock could decrease, which could cause our stock price and trading volume to decline.
Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 10
Added
Certain shares sold under the Controlled Equity OfferingSM Sales Agreement, dated June 9, 2025, with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. (the "Sales Agreement") may trigger certain potential rights, claims and other penalties.
We became aware that we failed to timely file an amendment to the our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2025 to include the information required by, and not included in, Part III of such filing because we did not file our definitive proxy statement within 120 days of the end of our fiscal year ended April 30, 2025. As a result, we concluded we were not eligible to use our registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-286946) (the "Registration Statement") for certain isolated sales under the Sales Agreement. Prior to becoming aware of this matter, we sold an aggregate of 38,541 shares of our common stock in two sales on August 27, 2025, and September 2, 2025 (the "Sales"), representing approximately $525,000 in the aggregate, under the Registration Statement pursuant to the Sales Agreement. On the days traded, these sales represented 2.5% and 8.5%, respectively, of the daily trading volume of our common stock on the Nasdaq. Because we were not eligible to use the Registration Statement at the time the Sales were made, the Sales may not have been made in accordance with the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. Accordingly, the purchasers of those securities may have certain rights or could be entitled to damages for losses suffered, if any. In addition, we could become subject to enforcement actions or penalties and fines by federal and state regulatory authorities related to such sales. We also agreed to provide Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. with certain indemnification rights under the Sales Agreement. We cannot predict the likelihood of any claims or actions being brought against us or the amount of any penalties or fines in connection with the Sales. Any such claims, actions, penalties or fines could have a material adverse effect on our stock price, results of operations and financial condition.
Accounting & Financial Operations6 | 14.0%
Accounting & Financial Operations - Risk 1
Estimates of mineral reserves and mineral resources are subject to evaluation uncertainties that could result in project failure.
Our exploration and future potential mining operations, if any, are and would be faced with risks associated with being able to accurately predict the quantity and quality of mineral resources or mineral reserves within the earth using statistical sampling techniques. Estimates of mineral resources or mineral reserves on our properties are made using samples obtained from appropriately placed trenches, test pits and underground workings and intelligently designed drilling. There is an inherent variability of assays between check and duplicate samples taken adjacent to each other and between sampling points that cannot be reasonably eliminated. Additionally, there also may be unknown geologic details that have not been identified or correctly appreciated at the current level of accumulated knowledge about our properties. This could result in uncertainties that cannot be reasonably eliminated from the process of estimating potential mineral resources/reserves. If these estimates were to prove to be unreliable, we could implement an exploitation plan that may not lead to any commercially viable operations in the future.
Accounting & Financial Operations - Risk 2
The Company does not intend to pay dividends in the foreseeable future.
We anticipate that we will retain any future earnings to support operations and to finance the development of our business and do not expect to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. As a result, the success of an investment in our common stock will depend entirely upon any future appreciation in its value. There is no guarantee that our common stock will appreciate in value or even maintain the price at which stockholders have purchased their shares.
Accounting & Financial Operations - Risk 3
Our actual results could differ from the estimates and assumptions we make to prepare our financial statements, which could have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
In connection with the preparation of our financial statements, including the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-K, our management is required under GAAP to make estimates and assumptions based on historical experience and other factors. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Although we believe these estimates and assumptions are reasonable under the circumstances, they are subject to significant uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control. If management's estimates and assumptions change or are not correct, our financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected.
Accounting & Financial Operations - Risk 4
We have a limited operating history on which to base an evaluation of our business and prospects.
Since our inception, we have had no revenue from operations. We have no history of producing metals from any of our exploration properties. Our properties are exploration stage properties. Advancing properties from the exploration stage requires significant capital and time, and successful commercial production from a property, if any, will be subject to completing feasibility studies, permitting and construction of the potential mine, processing plants, roads, and other related works and infrastructure. As a result, we are subject to all of the risks associated with developing and establishing new mining operations and business enterprises including: - completion of feasibility studies to verify potential mineral reserves and commercial viability, including the ability to find sufficient mineral reserves to support a commercial mining operation;   - the timing and cost, which can be considerable, of further exploration, preparing feasibility studies, permitting and construction of infrastructure, mining and processing facilities;   - the availability and costs of drill equipment, exploration personnel, skilled labor and mining and processing equipment, if required;   - the availability and cost of appropriate smelting and/or refining arrangements, if required;   - compliance with environmental and other governmental approval and permit requirements;   - the availability of funds to finance exploration activities, as warranted;   - potential opposition from non-governmental organizations, environmental groups, local groups or local inhabitants which may delay or prevent exploration activities;   - potential increases in exploration, construction and operating costs due to changes in the cost of fuel, power, materials and supplies;   - inability to secure fair and reasonable terms associated with mineral leases; and   - potential shortages of mineral processing, construction and other facilities-related supplies. The costs, timing and complexities of exploration activities may be increased by the location of our properties and demand by other mineral exploration and mining companies. It is common in exploration programs to experience unexpected problems and delays during drill programs and, if ever commenced, development, construction and mine start-up. Accordingly, our activities may not ever result in profitable mining operations, and we may not succeed in establishing mining operations or profitably producing metals at any of our properties.
Accounting & Financial Operations - Risk 5
If we fail to establish and maintain an effective system of internal control, we may not be able to report our financial results accurately or prevent fraud. Any inability to report and file our financial results accurately and timely could harm our reputation and adversely impact the trading price of our common stock and our ability to file registration statements pursuant to registration rights agreements and other commitments.
Effective internal control is necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and prevent fraud. If we cannot provide reliable financial reports or prevent fraud, we may not be able to manage our business as effectively as we would if an effective control environment existed, and our business and reputation with investors may be harmed. As a result of our small size, any current internal control deficiencies may adversely affect our financial condition, results of operation and access to capital. As of April 30, 2026, management has concluded that our internal controls over financial reporting were effective.
Accounting & Financial Operations - Risk 6
Added
Our management concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of April 30, 2025 due to the late filing of the Company's Amendment No. 1 to its Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2025, which disclosed the Form 10-K Part III information. Failure to maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
As a public reporting company, we are required to establish and evaluate our disclosure controls and procedures, which are our controls and other procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time period specified in the SEC's rules and forms. Our management concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of April 30, 2025, due to the late filing of this Amendment to disclose the Part III information. The Company has taken steps to remediate this ineffectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures and has determined that its disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of April 30, 2026. Nevertheless, the Company cannot be certain that the steps taken to remediate the ineffectiveness will prevent future issues from occurring with the Company's disclosure controls and procedures. If additional issues with our disclosure controls and procedures occur, our ability to accurately and timely report our financial results could be impaired, which could result in additional late filings of our annual and quarterly reports under the Exchange Act, a decline in our stock price, suspension or delisting of our common stock from The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (the "NASDAQ"), and have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Debt & Financing1 | 2.3%
Debt & Financing - Risk 1
Added
We will require substantial external financing to develop the CK Gold Project, and there is no assurance that such financing will be available on acceptable terms or at all. Failure to secure project financing could result in indefinite delay or abandonment of the Project.
The Feasibility Study for the CK Gold Project estimates total initial capital costs of approximately $394 million (excluding $28 million of pre-production owner's costs), which significantly exceeds our current financial resources. We will need to raise substantial additional capital through one or more financing transactions - which may include debt financing, equity financing, royalty or streaming arrangements, project-level financing, joint ventures, or a combination thereof - in order to fund construction and bring the project into production. Our ability to secure project financing is subject to significant uncertainty and depends on a number of factors that are largely outside our control, including: - the price of gold, copper, and silver at the time we seek financing, and investor and lender expectations regarding future metal prices; - the availability and cost of debt capital in the mining sector, including prevailing interest rates and credit market conditions; - the willingness of lenders and investors to provide financing to our company; - our ability to demonstrate to lenders and investors the technical, operational, and economic viability of the project to a level of confidence sufficient to commit capital; - the results of any additional technical, environmental, or feasibility work that may be required by potential financing parties; - general market conditions, including conditions in the equity and credit markets for mining companies; and - macroeconomic conditions, including inflation, geopolitical uncertainty, and fluctuations in currency and commodity markets. Even if we are able to secure project financing, the terms of such financing may be highly dilutive to existing stockholders, impose significant restrictions on our operations, or require us to grant security interests over our material assets, including the CK Gold Project. Any inability to secure financing on acceptable terms, or at all, would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, and the value of our common stock, and could result in the indefinite delay or permanent abandonment of the CK Gold Project.
Corporate Activity and Growth3 | 7.0%
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 1
We may pursue acquisitions, divestitures, business combinations or other transactions with other companies, involving our properties or new properties, which could harm our operating results, may disrupt our business and could result in unanticipated accounting charges.
Acquisitions of other companies or new properties, divestitures, business combinations or other transactions with other companies may create additional, material risks for our business that could cause our results to differ materially and adversely from our expected or projected results. Such risk factors include the effects of possible disruption to the exploration activities and mine planning, loss of value associated with our properties, mismanagement of project development, additional risk and liability, indemnification obligations, sales of assets at unfavorable prices, failure to sell non-core assets at all, poor execution of the plans for such transactions, permit requirements, debt incurred or capital stock issued to enter into such transactions, the impact of any such transactions on our financial results, negative stakeholder reaction to any such transaction and our ability to successfully integrate an acquired company's operations with our operations. If the purchase price of any acquired businesses exceeds the current fair values of the net tangible assets of such acquired businesses, we would be required to record material amounts of goodwill or other intangible assets, which could result in significant impairment and amortization expense in future periods. These charges, in addition to the results of operations of such acquired businesses and potential restructuring costs associated with an acquisition, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We cannot forecast the number, timing or size of future transactions, or the effect that any such transactions might have on our operating or financial results. Any potential future transactions will be viewed on their merits by management and ultimately our Board at the time definitive proposals are received by the Company and viewed relative to the current circumstances of the Company and its business. Furthermore, potential transactions, whether or not consummated, will divert our management's attention and may require considerable cash outlays at the expense of our existing operations. In addition, to complete future transactions, we may issue equity securities, incur debt, assume contingent liabilities or have amortization expenses and write-downs of acquired assets, which could adversely affect our profitability.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 2
Joint ventures and other partnerships may expose us to risks.
We may enter into future joint ventures or partnership arrangements with other parties in relation to the exploration, of a certain portion of the CK Gold, Keystone and Challis Gold properties, in which we have an interest. Joint ventures can often require unanimous approval of the parties to the joint venture or their representatives for certain fundamental decisions such as an increase or reduction of registered capital, merger, division, dissolution, amendments of consenting documents, and the pledge of joint venture assets, which means that each joint venture party may have a veto right with respect to such decisions which could lead to a deadlock in the operations of the joint venture. Further, we may be unable to exert control over strategic decisions made in respect of such properties. Any failure of such other companies to meet their obligations to us or to third parties, or any disputes with respect to the parties' respective rights and obligations, could have a material adverse effect on the joint ventures or their properties and therefore could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial performance, cash flows and the price of the Common Shares.
Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 3
There is substantial doubt about whether we can continue as a going concern.
To date, we have earned no revenues and have incurred accumulated net losses of $110.6 million. We have limited financial resources. As of April 30, 2026, we had cash and cash equivalents of $30.7 million and working capital of $31.6 million. Therefore, our continuation as a going concern is dependent upon our achieving future financings or a strategic transaction. However, there is no assurance that we will be successful pursuing financing or a strategic transaction. Accordingly, there is substantial doubt as to whether our existing cash resources and working capital are sufficient to enable us to continue our operations for the next 12 months as a going concern. Ultimately, in the event that we cannot obtain additional financial resources, or achieve profitable operations, we may have to liquidate our business interests and investors may lose their investment. The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that our company will continue as a going concern. Continued operations are dependent on our ability to obtain additional financial resources or generate profitable operations. Such additional financial resources may not be available or may not be available on reasonable terms. Our consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that may result from the outcome of this uncertainty. Such adjustments could be material.
Production
Total Risks: 9/43 (21%)Below Sector Average
Manufacturing6 | 14.0%
Manufacturing - Risk 1
We have no history of producing metals from our current mineral properties and there can be no assurance that we will successfully establish mining operations or profitably produce precious metals.
We have no history of producing metals from our properties. We do not produce gold and do not currently generate operating earnings. While we seek to advance our projects and properties through exploration, such efforts will be subject to all of the risks associated with establishing new future potential mining operations and business enterprises, including: - the timing and cost, which are considerable, of the construction of mining and processing facilities;   - the availability and costs of skilled labor and mining equipment;   - compliance with environmental and other governmental approval and permit requirements;   - the availability of funds to finance exploration activities;   - potential opposition from non-governmental organizations, environmental groups, local groups or local inhabitants that may delay or prevent exploration activities; and   - potential increases in construction and operating costs due to changes in the cost of labor, fuel, power, materials and supplies. It is common in new mining operations to experience unexpected problems and delays. In addition, our management will need to be expanded. This could result in delays in the commencement of potential mineral production and increased costs of production. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that our activities will result in any profitable mining operations or that we will ever successfully establish mining operations.
Manufacturing - Risk 2
Most of our projects are in the exploration stage.
Although we have established an estimate of mineral reserves on the CK Gold Project, there are no current estimates of mineral resources or mineral reserves at the Keystone Property or Challis Gold Project. There is no assurance that we can establish the existence of any mineral reserves on those projects in commercially exploitable quantities. If we do not establish the existence of mineral reserves or mineral resources on those projects, we may lose all of the funds that we expend on exploration. The commercial viability of an established mineral deposit will depend on a number of factors including, by way of example, the size, grade and other attributes of the mineral deposit, the proximity of the mineral deposit to infrastructure such as a smelter, roads and a point for shipping, government regulation and market prices. Most of these factors will be beyond our control, and any of them could increase costs and make extraction of any identified mineral deposit unprofitable.
Manufacturing - Risk 3
We do not know if our properties contain any gold or other minerals that can be mined at a profit.
Although the properties on which we have the right to explore for gold are known to have historic deposits of gold, there can be no assurance such deposits can be mined at a profit. Whether a gold deposit can be mined at a profit depends upon many factors. Some but not all of these factors include: the particular attributes of the deposit, such as size, grade and proximity to infrastructure; operating costs and capital expenditures required to start mining a deposit; the availability and cost of financing; the price of gold, which is highly volatile and cyclical; and government regulations, including regulations relating to prices, taxes, royalties, land use, importing and exporting of minerals and environmental protection.
Manufacturing - Risk 4
Exploring for gold is an inherently speculative business.
Natural resource exploration and exploring for gold in particular is a business that by its nature is very speculative. There is a strong possibility that we will not discover gold or any other resources which can be mined or extracted at a profit. Although we have established the existence of mineral reserves at the CK Gold Project, we may be unsuccessful in bringing it into production on a profitable basis. Few properties that are explored are ultimately developed into producing mines. Unusual or unexpected geological formations, geological formation pressures, fires, power outages, labor disruptions, flooding, explosions, cave-ins, landslides and the inability to obtain suitable or adequate machinery, equipment or labor are just some of the many risks involved in mineral exploration programs and the subsequent expansion of potential gold deposits.
Manufacturing - Risk 5
Added
The Industrial Siting Permit for the CK Gold Project is subject to an expiration deadline, and our failure to demonstrate adequate project financing and resume construction before that deadline could result in the loss of this key permit and materially delay or prevent development of the project.
In June 2023, we received an ISP from the Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality Industrial Siting Division authorizing the construction of the CK Gold Project. Construction activities were initiated in 2025 but were paused in January 2026 pending the demonstration of full project financing adequacy. At a May 2026 hearing, the Industrial Siting Commission approved an extension of the ISP through June 2027. The extended ISP will expire if construction does not resume and continue in a manner consistent with the permit conditions prior to June 2027. There is no assurance that we will be able to secure project financing, satisfy the conditions of the ISP, and resume construction before the ISP expires. If the ISP expires, we would be required to reapply for a new industrial siting permit, which would involve a new application, public notification process, environmental and socioeconomic impact review, and public hearing before the Industrial Siting Commission. The loss of the ISP would constitute a significant setback for the development of the CK Gold Project and could: - delay the commencement or resumption of construction; - increase the overall cost of development due to the cost and time required to reapply for and obtain a new ISP; - affect our ability to secure project financing, as the existence of a valid ISP is likely to be a condition precedent to any project financing commitment; - require us to re-engage with the local community, government agencies, and other stakeholders in connection with a new permitting process; and - trigger conditions or restrictions in existing agreements that depend upon maintaining our permits in good standing.
Manufacturing - Risk 6
We may not be able to maintain the infrastructure necessary to conduct exploration and development activities.
Our exploration and development activities depend upon adequate infrastructure. Reliable roads, bridges, power sources and water supply are important factors which affect capital and operating costs. Climate change or unusual or infrequent weather phenomena, sabotage, government or other interference in the maintenance or provision of such infrastructure could adversely affect our exploration activities and financial condition.
Employment / Personnel1 | 2.3%
Employment / Personnel - Risk 1
We may experience difficulty attracting and retaining qualified management to meet the needs of our anticipated growth, and the failure to manage our growth effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition. In addition, we are dependent upon our employees being able to safely perform their jobs, including the potential for physical injuries or illness.
We are dependent on a relatively small number of key employees, including our President and Chief Executive Officer, our Chief Financial Officer and our Vice President – Exploration and Technical Services. The loss of any officer could have an adverse effect on us. We have no life insurance on any individual, and we may be unable to hire a suitable replacement for them on favorable terms, should that become necessary. Our success is also dependent on the contributions of highly skilled and experienced consultants and contractors. Our ability to achieve our operating goals depends upon our ability to retain such consultants and contractors in order to execute our strategy. There continues to be competition over highly skilled consultants and contractors in our industry. If we lose key consultants, contractors, or one or more members of our senior management team, and we fail to develop adequate succession plans, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be harmed. Our business is dependent upon our consultants and contractors being able to safely perform their jobs, including the potential for physical injuries or illness. If we experience periods where our consultants and contractors are unable to perform their jobs for any reason, including as a result of illness, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be adversely affected.
Supply Chain1 | 2.3%
Supply Chain - Risk 1
We rely on contractors to conduct a significant portion of our exploration operations.
A significant portion of our exploration operations are currently conducted in whole or in part by contractors. As a result, our exploration operations are subject to a number of risks, some of which are outside our control, including: - negotiating agreements with contractors on acceptable terms; - the inability to replace a contractor and its operating equipment in the event that either party terminates the agreement; - reduced control over those aspects of operations which are the responsibility of the contractor; - failure of a contractor to perform under its agreement; - interruption of exploration operations or increased costs in the event that a contractor ceases its business due to insolvency or other unforeseen events; - failure of a contractor to comply with applicable legal and regulatory requirements, to the extent it is responsible for such compliance; and - problems of a contractor with managing its workforce, labor unrest or other employment issues. In addition, we may incur liability to third parties as a result of the actions of our contractors. The occurrence of one or more of these risks could adversely affect our results of operations and financial position.
Costs1 | 2.3%
Costs - Risk 1
The values of our properties are subject to volatility in the price of gold and any other deposits we may seek or locate.
Our ability to obtain additional and continuing funding, and our profitability in the event we commence future mining operations or sell the rights to mine, will be significantly affected by changes in the market price of gold. Gold prices fluctuate widely and are affected by numerous factors, all of which are beyond our control. Some of these factors include the sale or purchase of gold by central banks and financial institutions; interest rates; currency exchange rates; inflation or deflation; fluctuation in the value of the United States dollar and other currencies; speculation; global and regional supply and demand, including investment, industrial and jewelry demand; and the political and economic conditions of major gold or other mineral producing countries throughout the world, such as Russia and South Africa. The price of gold or other minerals have fluctuated widely in recent years, and a decline in the price of gold could cause a significant decrease in the value of our properties, limit our ability to raise money, and render continued exploration activities of our properties impracticable. If that happens, then we could lose our rights to our properties and be compelled to sell some or all of these rights. Additionally, the future progression of our properties beyond the exploration stage is heavily dependent upon the level of gold prices remaining sufficiently high to make the continuation of our properties economically viable. A decrease in the price of gold may adversely affect our financial condition and access to capital and result in a decrease in our stock price. The greater the decrease in the price of gold, the more likely it is that our stock price will decrease.
Legal & Regulatory
Total Risks: 8/43 (19%)Below Sector Average
Regulation4 | 9.3%
Regulation - Risk 1
Possible amendments to the General Mining Law and other regulations could make it more difficult or impossible for us to execute our business plan.
In recent years, the U.S. Congress has considered a number of proposed amendments to the General Mining Law, as well as legislation that would make comprehensive changes to the law. Although no such comprehensive legislation has been adopted to date, there can be no assurance that such legislation will not be adopted in the future. If adopted, such legislation, if it includes concepts that have been part of previous legislative proposals, could, among other things, (i) limit on the number of millsites that a claimant may use, (ii) impose time limits on the effectiveness of plans of operation that may not coincide with mine life, (iii) impose more stringent environmental compliance and reclamation requirements on activities on unpatented mining claims and millsites, (iv) establish a mechanism that would allow states, localities and Native American tribes to petition for the withdrawal of identified tracts of federal land from the operation of the General Mining Law, (v) allow for administrative determinations that mining would not be allowed in situations where undue degradation of the federal lands in question could not be prevented, (vi) impose royalties on gold and other mineral production from unpatented mining claims or impose fees on production from patented mining claims, and (vii) impose a fee on the amount of material displaced at a mine. Further, such legislation, if enacted, could have an adverse impact on earnings from our exploration operations, could reduce future estimates of any reserves we may establish and could curtail our future exploration activity on our unpatented claims. Our ability to conduct exploration, and related activities may also be impacted by administrative actions taken by federal agencies.
Regulation - Risk 2
We may be denied the government licenses and permits which we need to explore or mine on our properties.
Exploration activities usually require the granting of permits from various governmental agencies. For example, exploration drilling on unpatented mineral claims requires a permit to be obtained from the US BLM, which may take several months or longer to grant the requested permit. Depending on the size, location and scope of the exploration program, additional permits may also be required before exploration activities can be undertaken. Prehistoric or Native American graveyards, threatened or endangered species, archeological sites or the possibility thereof, difficult access, excessive dust and important nearby water resources may all result in the need for additional permits before exploration activities can commence. As with all permitting processes, there is the risk that unexpected delays and excessive costs may be experienced in obtaining required permits. The needed permits may not be granted at all. Delays in or our inability to obtain necessary permits will result in unanticipated costs, which may result in serious adverse effects upon our business.
Regulation - Risk 3
We are subject to significant governmental regulations, which affect our operations and costs of conducting our business.
Our current and future operations are and will be governed by laws and regulations, including: - laws and regulations governing mineral concession acquisition, prospecting, exploration and development and operation;   - laws and regulations related to exports, taxes and fees;   - labor standards and regulations related to occupational health and mine safety; and   - environmental standards and regulations related to waste disposal, toxic substances, land use and environmental protection. Companies engaged in exploration activities often experience increased costs and delays in exploration and other schedules as a result of the need to comply with applicable laws, regulations and permits. Failure to comply with applicable laws, regulations and permits may result in enforcement actions, including the forfeiture of mineral claims or other mineral tenures, orders issued by regulatory or judicial authorities requiring operations to cease or be curtailed, and may include corrective measures requiring capital expenditures, installation of additional equipment or costly remedial actions. We may be required to compensate those suffering loss or damage by reason of our mineral exploration activities and may have civil or criminal fines or penalties imposed for violations of such laws, regulations and permits. Existing and possible future laws, regulations and permits governing operations and activities of exploration companies, or more stringent implementation, could have a material adverse impact on our business and cause increases in capital expenditures or require abandonment or delays in exploration.
Regulation - Risk 4
We may not be able to obtain all required permits and licenses to place any of our properties into future potential production.
Our current and future operations, including additional exploration activities, require permits from governmental authorities and such operations are and will be governed by laws and regulations governing prospecting, exploration, taxes, labor standards, occupational health, waste disposal, toxic substances, land use, environmental protection, mine safety and other matters. Companies engaged in mineral property exploration generally experience increased costs, and delays in exploration and other schedules as a result of the need to comply with applicable laws, regulations and permits. We cannot predict if all permits which we may require for continued exploration and development activities, will be obtainable on reasonable terms, if at all. Costs related to applying for and obtaining permits and licenses may be prohibitive and could delay our planned exploration activities. Failure to comply with applicable laws, regulations and permitting requirements may result in enforcement actions, including orders issued by regulatory or judicial authorities causing exploration operations to cease or be curtailed, and may include corrective measures requiring capital expenditures, installation of additional equipment, or remedial actions. Parties engaged in exploration operations may be required to compensate those suffering loss or damage by reason of the exploration activities and may have civil or criminal fines or penalties imposed for violations of applicable laws or regulations. Amendments to current laws, regulations and permits governing operations and activities of exploration companies, or more stringent implementation thereof, could have a material adverse impact on our operations and cause increases in capital expenditures or production costs or reduction in levels of exploration activities at our properties or require abandonment or delays in future activities.
Litigation & Legal Liabilities1 | 2.3%
Litigation & Legal Liabilities - Risk 1
Our property titles may be challenged, and we are not insured against any challenges, impairments or defects to our mineral claims or property titles.
We cannot guarantee that title to our properties will not be challenged. Title insurance is not available for our mineral properties, and our ability to ensure that we have obtained secure rights to individual mineral properties or mining concessions may be severely constrained. Our unpatented Keystone claims were created and maintained in accordance with the federal General Mining Law of 1872. Unpatented claims are unique U.S. property interests and are generally considered to be subject to greater title risk than other real property interests because the validity of unpatented claims is often uncertain. This uncertainty arises, in part, out of the complex federal and state laws and regulations under the General Mining Law. We have obtained a title report on our Keystone claims but cannot be certain that all defects or conflicts with our title to those claims have been identified. Further, we have not obtained title insurance regarding our purchase and ownership of the Keystone claims. Defending any challenges to our property titles may be costly and may divert funds that could otherwise be used for exploration activities and other purposes. We cannot provide any assurances that there are no title defects affecting our properties. In addition, unpatented claims are always subject to possible challenges by third parties or contests by the federal government, which, if successful, may prevent us from exploiting our discovery of commercially extractable gold. Challenges to our title may increase its costs of operation or limit our ability to explore on certain portions of our properties. We are not insured against challenges, impairments or defects to our property titles, nor do we intend to carry extensive title insurance in the future.
Taxation & Government Incentives1 | 2.3%
Taxation & Government Incentives - Risk 1
We may have exposure to greater than anticipated tax liabilities.
Our future income taxes could be adversely affected by earnings being lower than anticipated in jurisdictions that have lower statutory tax rates and higher than anticipated in jurisdictions that have higher statutory tax rates, changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets or liabilities, or changes in tax laws, regulations, or accounting principles, as well as certain discrete items. We are subject to review or audit by tax authorities. As a result, we may in the future receive assessments in multiple jurisdictions on various tax-related assertions. Any adverse outcome of such a review or audit could have a negative effect on our operating results and financial condition. In addition, the determination of our provision for income taxes and other tax liabilities requires significant judgment, and there could be situations where the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. Although we believe our estimates are reasonable, the ultimate tax outcome may differ from the amounts recorded in our financial statements and may materially affect our financial results in the period or periods for which such determination is made.
Environmental / Social2 | 4.7%
Environmental / Social - Risk 1
Regulations and pending legislation governing issues involving climate change could result in increased operating costs, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.
A number of governments or governmental bodies have introduced or are contemplating regulatory changes in response to the potential impact of climate change. Legislation and increased regulation regarding climate change could impose significant costs on us, our venture partners and our suppliers, including costs related to increased energy requirements, capital equipment, environmental monitoring and reporting and other costs to comply with such regulations. Any adopted future climate change regulations could also negatively impact our ability to compete with companies situated in areas not subject to such limitations. Given the emotion, political significance and uncertainty around the impact of climate change and how it should be dealt with, we cannot predict how legislation and regulation will affect our financial condition, operating performance and ability to compete. Furthermore, even without such regulation, increased awareness and any adverse publicity in the global marketplace about potential impacts on climate change by us or other companies in our industry could harm our reputation. The potential physical impacts of climate change on our operations are highly uncertain and would be particular to the geographic circumstances in areas in which we operate. These may include changes in rainfall and storm patterns and intensities, water shortages, changing sea levels and changing temperatures. These impacts may adversely impact the cost, production and financial performance of our operations.
Environmental / Social - Risk 2
Our business is subject to extensive environmental regulations that may make exploring, or related activities prohibitively expensive, and which may change at any time.
All of our operations are subject to extensive environmental regulations that can substantially delay exploration and make exploration expensive or prohibit it altogether. We may be subject to potential liabilities associated with the pollution of the environment and the disposal of waste products that may occur as the result of exploring and other related activities on our properties. We may have to pay to remedy environmental pollution, which may reduce the amount of money that we have available to use for exploration, or other activities, and adversely affect our financial position. If we are unable to fully remedy an environmental problem, we might be required to suspend exploration operations or to enter into interim compliance measures pending the completion of the required remedy. We have not purchased insurance for potential environmental risks (including potential liability for pollution or other hazards associated with the disposal of waste products from our exploration activities) and such insurance may not be available to us on reasonable terms or at a reasonable price. All of our exploration will be subject to regulation under one or more local, state and federal environmental impact analyses and public review processes. It is possible that future changes in applicable laws, regulations and permits or changes in their enforcement or regulatory interpretation could have significant impact on some portion of our business, which may require our business to be economically re-evaluated from time to time. These risks include, but are not limited to, the risk that regulatory authorities may increase bonding requirements beyond our financial capability. Inasmuch as posting of bonding in accordance with regulatory determinations is a condition to the right to operate under specific federal and state exploration operating permits, increases in bonding requirements could prevent operations even if we are in full compliance with all substantive environmental laws.
Macro & Political
Total Risks: 3/43 (7%)Below Sector Average
Economy & Political Environment1 | 2.3%
Economy & Political Environment - Risk 1
Global and regional political and economic conditions could adversely impact the Company's business.
Political and economic shifts, both domestic and international, may create uncertainty and pose risks to the Company's operations. Policies related to populism, protectionism, economic nationalism, and attitudes toward multinational corporations could result in regulatory changes, trade barriers, or investment restrictions. Additionally, international trade disputes-including tariffs, counter-tariffs, export controls, sanctions, and currency regulations-may increase costs and disrupt supply chain, operating model, and customer relationships. Further, market volatility, driven by shifts in U.S. and foreign trade policies, fluctuating interest rates, or currency controls may affect gold prices, capital availability, and investor confidence. Even the perception of these risks could lead to reduced investment, higher production costs, and operational challenges. If such trends continue, they may have a material adverse effect on the business and financial performance.
Natural and Human Disruptions1 | 2.3%
Natural and Human Disruptions - Risk 1
Our exploration activities may be adversely affected by the local climate or seismic events, which could prevent us from gaining access to our property year-round.
Earthquakes, heavy rains, snowstorms, wildfires and floods could result in serious damage to or the destruction of facilities, equipment or means of access to our property, or may otherwise prevent us from conducting exploration activities on our property. There may be short periods of time when the unpaved portion of the access road is impassible in the event of extreme weather conditions or unusually muddy conditions. During these periods, it may be difficult or impossible for us to access our property, make repairs, or otherwise conduct exploration activities on them.
Capital Markets1 | 2.3%
Capital Markets - Risk 1
Market forces or unforeseen developments may prevent us from obtaining the supplies and equipment necessary to explore for gold and other minerals.
Gold exploration, and mineral exploration in general, is a very competitive business. Competitive demands for contractors and unforeseen shortages of supplies and/or equipment could result in the disruption of our planned exploration activities. Current demand for exploration drilling services, equipment and supplies is robust and could result in suitable equipment and skilled manpower being unavailable at scheduled times for our exploration program. The recent inflationary environment has also resulted in a significant increase in costs, including fuel. If we cannot find the equipment and supplies needed for our various exploration programs, we may have to suspend some or all of them until equipment, supplies, funds and/or skilled manpower become available. Any such disruption in our activities may adversely affect our exploration activities and financial condition.
Tech & Innovation
Total Risks: 2/43 (5%)Below Sector Average
Trade Secrets1 | 2.3%
Trade Secrets - Risk 1
We may be unable to secure surface access or to purchase required surface rights.
Although we acquire the rights to some or all of the minerals in the ground subject to the mineral tenures that it acquires, or has a right to acquire, in most cases it does not thereby acquire any rights to, or ownership of, the surface to the areas covered by such mineral tenures. In such cases, applicable mining laws usually provide for rights of access to the surface for the purpose of carrying on exploration activities, however, the enforcement of such rights through the courts can be costly and time consuming. It is necessary to negotiate surface access or to purchase the surface rights if long-term access is required. There can be no guarantee that, despite having the right at law to access the surface and carry on exploration activities, we will be able to negotiate satisfactory agreements with any such existing landowners/occupiers for such access or purchase of such surface rights, and therefore we may be unable to carry out planned exploration activities. In addition, in circumstances where such access is denied, or no agreement can be reached, we may need to rely on the assistance of local officials or the courts in such jurisdiction the outcomes of which cannot be predicted with any certainty. Our inability to secure surface access or purchase required surface rights could materially and adversely affect our timing, cost or overall ability to develop any potential mineral deposits we may locate.
Technology1 | 2.3%
Technology - Risk 1
We are dependent on information technology systems, which are subject to certain risks, including cybersecurity risks and data leakage risks.
We are dependent upon information technology systems in the conduct of our business. Any significant breakdown, invasion, virus, cyberattack, security breach, destruction or interruption of these systems by employees, others with authorized access to our systems, or unauthorized persons could negatively impact our business. To the extent any invasion, cyberattack or security breach results in disruption to our business, loss or disclosure of, or damage to, our data or confidential information, our reputation, business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected. Our systems and insurance coverage for protecting against cyber security risks may not be sufficient. Although to date we have not experienced any material losses relating to cyberattacks, we may suffer such losses in the future. We may be required to expend significant additional resources to continue to modify or enhance our protective measures. We also may be subject to significant litigation, regulatory investigation and remediation costs associated with any information security vulnerabilities, cyberattacks or security breaches. The Company could also be adversely affected by system or network disruptions if new or upgraded information technology systems are defective, not installed properly or not properly integrated into operations. Various measures have been implemented to manage the risks related to the system implementation and modification, but system modification failures could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial position, and results of operations.
Ability to Sell
Total Risks: 1/43 (2%)Below Sector Average
Competition1 | 2.3%
Competition - Risk 1
We compete against larger and more experienced companies.
The mining industry is intensely competitive. Many large mining companies are primarily producers of precious or base metals and may become interested in the types of deposits and exploration projects on which we are focused, which include gold, silver and other precious metals deposits or polymetallic deposits containing significant quantities of base metals, including copper. Many of these companies have greater financial resources, experience and technical capabilities than we do. We may encounter increasing competition from other mining companies in our efforts to acquire mineral properties and hire experienced mining professionals. Increased competition in our business could adversely affect our ability to attract necessary capital funding or acquire suitable mining properties or prospects for mineral exploration in the future.
See a full breakdown of risk according to category and subcategory. The list starts with the category with the most risk. Click on subcategories to read relevant extracts from the most recent report.

FAQ

What are “Risk Factors”?
Risk factors are any situations or occurrences that could make investing in a company risky.
    The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requires that publicly traded companies disclose their most significant risk factors. This is so that potential investors can consider any risks before they make an investment.
      They also offer companies protection, as a company can use risk factors as liability protection. This could happen if a company underperforms and investors take legal action as a result.
        It is worth noting that smaller companies, that is those with a public float of under $75 million on the last business day, do not have to include risk factors in their 10-K and 10-Q forms, although some may choose to do so.
          How do companies disclose their risk factors?
          Publicly traded companies initially disclose their risk factors to the SEC through their S-1 filings as part of the IPO process.
            Additionally, companies must provide a complete list of risk factors in their Annual Reports (Form 10-K) or (Form 20-F) for “foreign private issuers”.
              Quarterly Reports also include a section on risk factors (Form 10-Q) where companies are only required to update any changes since the previous report.
                According to the SEC, risk factors should be reported concisely, logically and in “plain English” so investors can understand them.
                  How can I use TipRanks risk factors in my stock research?
                  Use the Risk Factors tab to get data about the risk factors of any company in which you are considering investing.
                    You can easily see the most significant risks a company is facing. Additionally, you can find out which risk factors a company has added, removed or adjusted since its previous disclosure. You can also see how a company’s risk factors compare to others in its sector.
                      Without reading company reports or participating in conference calls, you would most likely not have access to this sort of information, which is usually not included in press releases or other public announcements.
                        A simplified analysis of risk factors is unique to TipRanks.
                          What are all the risk factor categories?
                          TipRanks has identified 6 major categories of risk factors and a number of subcategories for each. You can see how these categories are broken down in the list below.
                          1. Financial & Corporate
                          • Accounting & Financial Operations - risks related to accounting loss, value of intangible assets, financial statements, value of intangible assets, financial reporting, estimates, guidance, company profitability, dividends, fluctuating results.
                          • Share Price & Shareholder Rights – risks related to things that impact share prices and the rights of shareholders, including analyst ratings, major shareholder activity, trade volatility, liquidity of shares, anti-takeover provisions, international listing, dual listing.
                          • Debt & Financing – risks related to debt, funding, financing and interest rates, financial investments.
                          • Corporate Activity and Growth – risks related to restructuring, M&As, joint ventures, execution of corporate strategy, strategic alliances.
                          2. Legal & Regulatory
                          • Litigation and Legal Liabilities – risks related to litigation/ lawsuits against the company.
                          • Regulation – risks related to compliance, GDPR, and new legislation.
                          • Environmental / Social – risks related to environmental regulation and to data privacy.
                          • Taxation & Government Incentives – risks related to taxation and changes in government incentives.
                          3. Production
                          • Costs – risks related to costs of production including commodity prices, future contracts, inventory.
                          • Supply Chain – risks related to the company’s suppliers.
                          • Manufacturing – risks related to the company’s manufacturing process including product quality and product recalls.
                          • Human Capital – risks related to recruitment, training and retention of key employees, employee relationships & unions labor disputes, pension, and post retirement benefits, medical, health and welfare benefits, employee misconduct, employee litigation.
                          4. Technology & Innovation
                          • Innovation / R&D – risks related to innovation and new product development.
                          • Technology – risks related to the company’s reliance on technology.
                          • Cyber Security – risks related to securing the company’s digital assets and from cyber attacks.
                          • Trade Secrets & Patents – risks related to the company’s ability to protect its intellectual property and to infringement claims against the company as well as piracy and unlicensed copying.
                          5. Ability to Sell
                          • Demand – risks related to the demand of the company’s goods and services including seasonality, reliance on key customers.
                          • Competition – risks related to the company’s competition including substitutes.
                          • Sales & Marketing – risks related to sales, marketing, and distribution channels, pricing, and market penetration.
                          • Brand & Reputation – risks related to the company’s brand and reputation.
                          6. Macro & Political
                          • Economy & Political Environment – risks related to changes in economic and political conditions.
                          • Natural and Human Disruptions – risks related to catastrophes, floods, storms, terror, earthquakes, coronavirus pandemic/COVID-19.
                          • International Operations – risks related to the global nature of the company.
                          • Capital Markets – risks related to exchange rates and trade, cryptocurrency.