ReTo Eco-Solutions (RETO) Risk Analysis

Other than Circular 37, our ability to conduct foreign exchange activities in China may be subject to the interpretation and enforcement of the Implementation Rules of the Administrative Measures for Individual Foreign Exchange promulgated by SAFE in January 2007 (as amended and supplemented, the "Individual Foreign Exchange Rules"). Under the Individual Foreign Exchange Rules, any Chinese individual seeking to make a direct investment overseas or engage in the issuance or trading of negotiable securities or derivatives overseas must make the appropriate registrations in accordance with SAFE provisions. Chinese individuals who fail to make such registrations may be subject to warnings, fines or other liabilities. We may not be fully informed of the identities of all our beneficial owners who are Chinese residents. For example, because the investment in or trading of our shares will happen in an overseas public or secondary market where shares are often held with brokers in brokerage accounts, it is unlikely that we will know the identity of all of our beneficial owners who are Chinese residents. Furthermore, we have no control over any of our future beneficial owners and we cannot assure you that such Chinese residents will be able to complete the necessary approval and registration procedures required by the Individual Foreign Exchange Rules. It is uncertain how the Individual Foreign Exchange Rules will be interpreted or enforced and whether such interpretation or enforcement will affect our ability to conduct foreign exchange transactions. Because of this uncertainty, we cannot be sure whether the failure by any of our Chinese resident stockholders to make the required registration will subject our subsidiaries to fines or legal sanctions on their operations, restriction on remittance of dividends or other punitive actions that would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

The market price of our shares could decline as a result of sales of substantial amounts of our shares in the public market, or the perception that these sales could occur. In addition, these factors could make it more difficult for us to raise funds through future offerings of our Common Shares.

If a trading market for our Common Shares develops, the trading market will be influenced to some extent by the research and reports that industry or financial analysts publish about us and our business. We do not control these analysts. As a young public company, we may be slow to attract research coverage and the analysts who publish information about our Common Shares will have had relatively little experience with us or our industry, which could affect their ability to accurately forecast our results and could make it more likely that we fail to meet their estimates. In the event any of the analysts who cover us provide inaccurate or unfavorable research or issue an adverse opinion regarding our stock price, our stock price could decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of us or fail to publish reports covering us regularly, we could lose visibility in the market, which in turn could cause our stock price or trading volume to decline and result in the loss of all or a part of your investment in us.

Based on the nature of our business activities, we may be classified as a passive foreign investment company ("PFIC"), by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service ("IRS"), for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Such characterization could result in adverse U.S. tax consequences to you if you are a U.S. investor. For example, if we are a PFIC, a U.S. investor will become subject to burdensome reporting requirements. The determination of whether or not we are a PFIC is made on an annual basis and will depend on the composition of our income and assets from time to time. Specifically, we will be classified as a PFIC for U.S. tax purposes if either: - 75% or more of our gross income in a taxable year is passive income; or - the average percentage of our assets by value in a taxable year that produce or are held for the production of passive income (which includes cash) is at least 50%. The calculation of the value of our assets is based, in part, on the then market value of our Common Shares, which is subject to change. In addition, the composition of our income and assets will be affected by how, and how quickly, we spend the cash we raised in our prior public offerings. We cannot assure you that we will not be a PFIC for any taxable year. See "Taxation – Material United States Federal Income Tax Considerations – Passive Foreign Investment Company."

The SEC has adopted a number of rules to regulate "penny stock" that restricts transactions involving stock which is deemed to be penny stock. Such rules include Rules 3a51-1, 15g-1, 15g-2, 15g-3, 15g-4, 15g-5, 15g-6, 15g-7, and 15g-9 under the Exchange Act. These rules may have the effect of reducing the liquidity of penny stocks. "Penny stocks" generally are equity securities with a price of less than $5.00 per share (other than securities registered on certain national securities exchanges or quoted on Nasdaq if current price and volume information with respect to transactions in such securities is provided by the exchange or system). Our Common Shares could be considered to be a "penny stock" within the meaning of the rules. The additional sales practice and disclosure requirements imposed upon U.S. broker-dealers may discourage such broker-dealers from effecting transactions in shares of our Common Shares, which could severely limit the market liquidity of such Common Shares and impede their sale in the secondary market. A U.S. broker-dealer selling a penny stock to anyone other than an established customer or "accredited investor" (generally, an individual with a net worth in excess of $1,000,000 or an annual income exceeding $200,000, or $300,000 together with his or her spouse) must make a special suitability determination for the purchaser and must receive the purchaser's written consent to the transaction prior to sale, unless the broker-dealer or the transaction is otherwise exempt. In addition, the "penny stock" regulations require the U.S. broker-dealer to deliver, prior to any transaction involving a "penny stock," a disclosure schedule prepared in accordance with SEC standards relating to the "penny stock" market, unless the broker-dealer or the transaction is otherwise exempt. A U.S. broker-dealer is also required to disclose commissions payable to the U.S. broker-dealer and the registered representative and current quotations for the securities. Finally, a U.S. broker-dealer is required to submit monthly statements disclosing recent price information with respect to the "penny stock" held in a customer's account and information with respect to the limited market in "penny stocks." The market for "penny stock" has suffered in recent years from patterns of fraud and abuse. Such patterns include (i) control of the market for the security by one or a few broker-dealers that are often related to the promoter or issuer; (ii) manipulation of prices through prearranged matching of purchases and sales and false and misleading press releases; (iii) "boiler room" practices involving high-pressure sales tactics and unrealistic price projections by inexperienced sales persons; (iv) excessive and undisclosed bid-ask differentials and markups by selling broker-dealers; and (v) the wholesale dumping of the same securities by promoters and broker-dealers after prices have been manipulated to a desired level, resulting in investor losses. Our management is aware of the abuses that have occurred historically in the penny stock market. Although we do not expect to be in a position to dictate the behavior of the market or of broker-dealers who participate in the market, management will strive within the confines of practical limitations to prevent the described patterns from being established with respect to our securities.

Whether a British Virgin Islands company has standing to initiate a shareholder derivative action in a federal court of the United States is a matter of United States law and in such case, that company may have to proceed with such action in the British Virgin Islands. Permission is required from the BVI Court in order for a shareholder of a BVI company to bring a derivative action in the BVI. The circumstances in which any such action may be brought, and the procedures and defenses that may be available with respect to any such action, may result in the rights of shareholders of a British Virgin Islands company being more limited than those of shareholders of a company organized in the United States. Accordingly, shareholders may have fewer alternatives available to them if they believe that corporate wrongdoing has occurred. The British Virgin Islands courts are also unlikely to recognize or enforce against us judgments of courts in the United States based on certain liability provisions of U.S. securities law; and to impose liabilities against us, in original actions brought in the British Virgin Islands, based on certain liability provisions of U.S. securities laws that are penal in nature. There is no statutory recognition in the British Virgin Islands of judgments obtained in the United States, although the courts of the British Virgin Islands will generally recognize and enforce the non-penal monetary judgment of a foreign court of competent jurisdiction without retrial on the merits.

Our corporate affairs are governed by (among other things) our constitutional documents (consisting of our M&A) and the British Virgin Island's primary corporate legislation, the British Virgin Islands Business Companies Act, 2004 (as amended) (the "BVI Act"). The British Virgin Islands has a common law legal system based on the English model, comprising statute law and binding case precedents influenced by the laws of England and other Commonwealth jurisdictions, with a right of final appeal to the Privy Council in London. The rights of shareholders to take legal action against our directors, actions by minority stockholders and the fiduciary responsibilities and duties of our directors under British Virgin Islands law are to a large extent found under common law and the BVI Act. While decisions of the BVI courts are treated as precedents in the usual way, reference often needs to be made to decided cases in other jurisdictions. While the common law of England is recognised in the jurisdiction by way of statutory enactment, this is subject to local conditions that give the court a degree of flexibility. However, in practice, the courts ordinarily treat English judgments as highly persuasive (although in certain cases, the BVI courts have declined to follow English precedents, which is normally justified by distinguishing on the basis that the position is modified in the BVI by statute). The BVI forms part of the wider jurisdiction of the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court, so judgments from other courts in the same jurisdiction are normally persuasive, even though they are not technically binding upon the court. Judgments from other leading Commonwealth jurisdictions, particularly Australia and Hong Kong, are also often considered by the BVI courts. The rights of our shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors under British Virgin Islands law may not be as clearly established as they would be under statutes or judicial precedents in some jurisdictions in the United States. In particular, the British Virgin Islands may have a less developed body of securities laws as compared to the United States, and some states (such as Delaware) have more fully developed and judicially interpreted bodies of corporate law.

Other than REIT India, our operations and assets are located in China. In addition, a majority of our executive officers and directors are non-residents of the U.S., and substantially all the assets of such persons are located outside the U.S. As a result, it could be difficult for investors to effect service of process in the U.S., or to enforce a judgment obtained in the U.S. against us or any of these persons.

The listing of our Common Shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market is contingent on our compliance with the Nasdaq Capital Market's conditions for continued listing. On January 5, 2024, we announced that we received a notification letter from the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC ("Nasdaq") on December 28, 2023 that we were not in compliance due to failure to maintain a minimum of $2.5 million in stockholders' equity as set forth in the Nasdaq Listing Rule (the "Minimum Stockholders' Equity Rule"). On February 19, 2024, we submitted to Nasdaq a plan to regain compliance. On March 15, 2024, Nasdaq granted us an extension to regain compliance, provided that we file by May 15, 2024 our Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, demonstrating our compliance with the Minimum Stockholders' Equity Rule. As of December 31, 2023, we had approximately $2.52 million in shareholders' equity and therefore meet the requirement in the Minimum Stockholders' Equity Rule. There can be no assurance that we will maintain compliance with the Minimum Stockholders' Equity Rule, after we have regained compliance. Also, we cannot assure you that we will not receive other deficiency notifications from Nasdaq in the future. A decline in the closing price of our Common Shares could result in a breach of the requirements for listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market. If we do not maintain compliance, Nasdaq could commence suspension or delisting procedures in respect of our Common Shares. The commencement of suspension or delisting procedures by an exchange remains at the discretion of such exchange and would be publicly announced by the exchange. If a suspension or delisting were to occur, there would be significantly less liquidity in the suspended or delisted securities. In addition, our ability to raise additional necessary capital through equity or debt financing would be greatly impaired. Furthermore, with respect to any suspended or delisted Common Shares, we would expect decreases in institutional and other investor demand, analyst coverage, market making activity and information available concerning trading prices and volume, and fewer broker-dealers would be willing to execute trades with respect to such Common Shares. A suspension or delisting would likely decrease the attractiveness of our Common Shares to investors and cause the trading volume of our Common Shares to decline, which could result in a further decline in the market price of our Common Shares.