Oceaneering International (OII) Risk Analysis

Our future growth will depend on our ability to continue to innovate by developing and commercializing new service and product offerings. Investments in new technologies involve varying degrees of uncertainties and risk. Commercial success depends on many factors, including the levels of innovation, the development costs and the availability of capital resources to fund those costs, the levels of competition from others developing similar or other competing technologies, our ability to obtain or maintain government permits or certifications, the effectiveness of production, distribution and marketing efforts, and the costs to customers to deploy and provide support for the new technologies. We may not achieve significant revenue from new service and product investments for a number of years, if at all. Moreover, new services and products may not be profitable, and, even if they are profitable, our operating margins from new services and products may not be as high as the margins we have experienced historically.

Our operations (both onshore and offshore) are highly dependent on both IT and OT systems and personnel that implement and maintain such systems, including systems that collect, process, store or use personal information, confidential or proprietary information, and other sensitive information about our business and operations, as well as our customers, employees, suppliers and others. Some of these systems are managed or provided by third-party service providers, including certain cloud platform or cloud software providers. As a result, our business operations could be negatively impacted by a breach or interruption of systems that originates from, or compromises, third-party networks or devices outside of our control. We have experienced cyber incidents in the past and, although none have been material, we may experience cybersecurity incidents and security breaches in the future. Threats to our IT and OT systems associated with cybersecurity risks, cyber incidents and cyberattacks continue to grow in sophistication and scale. Risks associated with these threats include disruptions of certain systems on our vessels or systems utilized to operate our ROVs; other impairments of our ability to conduct our operations; interruption of internal critical services; interruption of external critical services to customers; interruption of our ability to bill or collect payment from customers; loss of or damage to intellectual property, proprietary information or employee or customer data; disruption of our customers' operations; loss or damage to our employee or customer data delivery systems; damage to our reputation or customer or other business relationships; inability to comply with our contractual or regulatory obligations in a timely manner which could result in civil litigation, regulatory investigations or other enforcement actions by governmental authorities and associated costs, fines or penalties; increased costs to prevent, respond to or mitigate cybersecurity incidents; and diversion of management or work force attention. Such a cyber incident could have a material adverse effect on our business and our consolidated financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, certain cyberattacks and related incidents, such as reconnaissance or surveillance by threat actors, may remain undetected for an extended period notwithstanding our monitoring and detection efforts. The increased use of artificial intelligence by threat actors has amplified risks, as AI-driven cyberattacks can automate the discovery of vulnerabilities, generate highly convincing phishing attempts, and evade traditional detection methods. These capabilities may enable attackers to mount more effective and persistent campaigns against our infrastructure. As a result, we may be required to incur additional costs to modify or enhance our IT or OT systems to prevent or remediate any such attacks. While we continue to evaluate potential replacements or upgrades of existing systems, the implementation of new systems or upgrades to existing systems subjects us to inherent costs and risks associated with replacing or changing these systems, including potential disruption of our internal control structure, substantial capital expenditures, demands on management time and other risks. In addition, potential upgrades or updates may not result in productivity improvements at the levels anticipated, or at all. Moreover, the implementation of new, updated, or upgraded systems may cause disruptions in our business operations. Any such disruption, and any other system disruptions, if not anticipated and appropriately mitigated, could have a material adverse effect on our operations. Finally, laws and regulations we may be subject to governing cybersecurity, such as obligations under the Cyber Incident Reporting for Critical Infrastructure Act, pose increasingly complex compliance challenges, and failure to comply with these laws and regulations could result in fines, penalties, legal liability and damage to our reputation and customer or other business relationships.

Businesses across all industries are facing increasing scrutiny from investors, governmental authorities, regulatory agencies and the public related to their ESG practices, including practices and disclosures related to climate change, sustainability, diversity, equity and inclusion initiatives and heightened governance standards. Failure, or a perceived failure, to adequately respond to or meet evolving ESG expectations, concerns and standards may cause us to suffer reputational damage and materially and adversely affect our business or financial condition, or the trading price of our securities. In addition, organizations that provide ESG information to investors have developed ratings processes for evaluating a business entity's approach to ESG matters, and certain members of the broader investment community may consider a business entity's sustainability score as a reputational or other factor in making an investment decision. Consequently, a low sustainability score could result in exclusion of our securities from consideration by certain investment funds and a negative perception of our operations by certain investors. In addition, efforts in recent years aimed at the investment community to limit or curtail activities with companies engaged in the extraction of fossil fuel reserves could limit our ability to access the capital markets to the extent the services we provide to such customers engaged in extraction activities constitute a significant portion of our operations. As a result, such initiatives could have an adverse impact on our business and our financial condition.

The legislative and regulatory responses to climate change and its effects have the potential to negatively affect our business in many ways, including increasing the costs to provide the services and products of our Energy business, reducing the demand for and consumption of certain of those services and products, and the economic health of the regions in which we operate, all of which can create financial risks. Legislation to regulate greenhouse gas emissions has, from time to time, been introduced in the U.S. Congress and such legislation may be proposed or adopted in the future. In addition, the Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA") has adopted regulations addressing greenhouse gas emissions, including the EPA's final methane rules, which impose several new methane emission requirements on the oil and gas industry, announced on December 2, 2023, during the United Nations Climate Change Conference in the United Arab Emirates ("COP28") and published on March 8, 2024. There also have been international efforts seeking legally binding reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, as well as non-binding efforts, including the non-binding agreement by more than 190 governments at COP28 to transition away from fossil fuels and encourage the growth and expansion of renewable energy. The United States was actively involved in the negotiations at the 21st Conference of the Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Paris, which led to the creation of the "Paris Agreement." The Paris Agreement requires the signatory countries to review and "represent a progression" in their nationally determined contributions, which set emissions reduction goals, every five years. It is not possible at this time to predict the timing and effect of climate change or to predict the effect of the Paris Agreement (or similar international agreements) or whether additional greenhouse gas legislation, regulations or other measures will be adopted. However, more aggressive efforts by governments and non-governmental organizations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions may occur and any such future laws and regulations could result in increased compliance costs or additional operating restrictions applicable to our Energy business customers and/or us. For example, in August 2022, President Biden signed the Inflation Reduction Act ("IRA") into law, which imposes a charge on methane emissions from certain petroleum and natural gas system facilities and could have an indirect impact on demand for the goods and services of our Energy business, and on December 2, 2023 during COP28, the EPA announced its final methane rules, which impose several new methane emission requirements on the oil and gas industry. The EPA's final methane rule was published on March 8, 2024. In November 2024, at the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Baku, Azerbaijan, the EPA announced its final rule implementing the waste emissions charge pursuant to the IRA. Additionally, laws or regulations requiring the collection, measurement and reporting of information and metrics related to climate-related matters (including greenhouse gas emissions) could increase our operating costs and as a result adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Our business could also be impacted by governmental initiatives to incentivize the conservation of energy or the use of alternative energy sources. These initiatives to reduce energy consumption or incentivize a shift away from fossil fuels could reduce demand for hydrocarbons, thereby reducing demand for the goods and services of our Energy business, and adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. The adoption of additional climate change laws or regulations in the future could result in increased costs for our Energy business customers and us to (1) operate and maintain operating facilities, (2) install new emission controls or abatement technologies (such as CCS technologies) in operating facilities and (3) administer and manage greenhouse gas emissions programs. If we are unable to recover or pass through a significant level of our costs related to complying with climate change regulatory requirements imposed on us, they could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. Further, such legislation or regulation could prevent customer projects from going forward, thereby potentially reducing the need for our products and services. In addition, to the extent financial markets and insurance carriers view climate change and the greenhouse gas emissions of our Energy business customer base as a financial risk, this could negatively impact our cost of and access to capital and insurance. We may also communicate certain climate-related initiatives, commitments and goals in our SEC filings or in other disclosures, which subjects us to additional risks, including the risk of being accused of greenwashing. Alternatively, we may be accused of "greenhushing" for the failure to communicate certain climate-related initiatives, commitments and goals. Climate change also subjects us to the risk of increased negative publicity. Negative public perception regarding us and/or the energy industry resulting from, among other things, concerns raised by advocacy groups about oil spills, greenhouse gas emissions, climate change and explosions of or leaks from pipelines carrying crude oil, refined petroleum products or natural gas, may lead to increased regulatory scrutiny, which may, in turn, lead to new safety and environmental laws, regulations, guidelines and enforcement interpretations. These actions may cause operational delays or restrictions, increased operating costs or capital expenditures, additional regulatory burdens and increased risk of litigation for us and our energy industry customers. Furthermore, governmental authorities exercise considerable discretion in the timing and scope of permit issuance required for the operations conducted by or for our energy industry customers and, in many cases, the public may engage in the permitting process. Negative public perception could cause such permits to be withheld, delayed, or burdened by requirements that restrict our ability to profitably conduct business for our energy industry customers. Ultimately, these risks could result in reduced demand for the services and products of our Energy business, which would adversely impact our revenues, and increased costs that may adversely affect our profitability and cash flows. In addition, climate change legislation and regulation may subject us to increased competition to develop innovative new products that result in lower emissions. Please refer to the risk factor entitled "Our operations could be adversely impacted by the indirect consequences of climate change and climate-related business trends" for a discussion of the impact of other climate-related consequences on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Our OPG segment provides a broad portfolio of integrated subsea project capabilities and solutions as follows: subsea installation and intervention, including riserless light well intervention ("RLWI") services, inspection, maintenance and repair ("IMR") services, principally in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico and offshore Angola, utilizing owned and chartered vessels;installation and workover control systems ("IWOCS") and ROV workover control systems ("RWOCS");diving services;decommissioning services;project management and engineering; and drill pipe riser services and systems and wellhead load relief solutions. Our OPG operating results for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2025, increased significantly on higher revenue as compared to the corresponding periods of the prior year, primarily due to completion of higher-margin well intervention and well stimulation projects in international locations and improved vessel utilization in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico. For the six-month period ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the corresponding period of the prior year, revenue and margins were also positively impacted by the reduction in drydock costs and the associated loss of vessel days that impacted the first quarter of 2024. We have several deepwater vessels under a mix of short-term charters where we can see firm workload and spot charters as market opportunities arise. We have a total of six long-term charters at June 30, 2025: one that began in 2024, two that began in 2023, and three that began in 2022. These charters have staggered maturity dates with none extending past the first quarter of 2027. Depending on market conditions, we may add additional chartered vessels throughout the year to align with our strategy that balances vessel cost, availability and capability to capture work. We expect to do this through the continued utilization of a mix of short-term, spot and long-term charters.

Misconduct, fraud, non-compliance with applicable laws and regulations, or other improper activities by one or more of our employees, agents or partners could have a significant negative impact on our business and reputation. Such misconduct could include the failure to comply with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act ("FCPA"), which prohibits companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to non-U.S. officials, as well as the failure to comply with government procurement regulations, regulations on lobbying or similar activities, regulations pertaining to the internal controls over financial reporting and various other applicable laws or regulations, including the U.K. Bribery Act. We operate in some countries that international corruption monitoring groups have identified as having high levels of corruption. Our activities create the risk of unauthorized payments or offers of payments by one of our employees or agents that could be in violation of the FCPA or other applicable anti-corruption laws. The precautions we take to prevent and detect misconduct, fraud or non-compliance with applicable laws and regulations may not be effective, and we could face unknown risks or losses. In December 2024, the Chinese government placed restrictions on and sanctioned our company and certain executives in response to recent U.S. announcements of military sales and aid to Taiwan and in response to the recent approval of the U.S. government's annual defense spending. We will continue to follow U.S. Government guidance as it relates to sales to Taiwan and do not currently expect a material impact to our business from these actions. Our failure to comply with applicable laws or regulations or acts of misconduct could subject us to fines, penalties or other sanctions, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and our consolidated financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

We operate on a worldwide basis with substantial operations outside the United States that subject us to U.S. dollar translation and economic risks. In order to manage some of the risks associated with foreign currency exchange rates, we may enter into foreign currency derivative (hedging) instruments, especially when there is currency risk exposure that is not naturally mitigated via our contracts. However, these actions may not always eliminate all currency risk exposure, in particular for our long-term contracts. A disruption in the foreign currency markets, including the markets with respect to any particular currencies, could adversely affect our hedging instruments and subject us to additional currency risk exposure. Based on fluctuations in currency, the U.S. dollar value of our backlog may from time to time increase or decrease significantly. We do not enter into derivative instruments for trading or other speculative purposes. Our operational cash flows and cash balances, though predominately held in U.S. dollars, may consist of different currencies at various points in time in order to execute our contracts globally. Non-U.S. asset and liability balances are subject to currency fluctuations when measured period to period for financial reporting purposes in U.S. dollars.