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Artisan Partners (APAM) Risk Analysis

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Public companies are required to disclose risks that can affect the business and impact the stock. These disclosures are known as “Risk Factors”. Companies disclose these risks in their yearly (Form 10-K), quarterly earnings (Form 10-Q), or “foreign private issuer” reports (Form 20-F). Risk factors show the challenges a company faces. Investors can consider the worst-case scenarios before making an investment. TipRanks’ Risk Analysis categorizes risks based on proprietary classification algorithms and machine learning. Artisan Partners disclosed 41 risk factors in its most recent earnings report. Artisan Partners reported the most risks in the “Finance & Corporate” category.

Risk Overview Q2, 2026

Source: the company's latest filing for the period ended Jun 30, 2026, filed Jul 31, 2026

Risk Distribution
41Risks
Sector Avg.Finance & CorporateTech & InnovationLegal & RegulatoryProductionAbility to SellMacro & Political
Finance & Corporate - Financial and accounting risks. Risks related to the execution of corporate activity and strategy

Risk Change Over Time

Artisan Partners disclosed risks per quarterNo. of Risks3839404142Q3Q4Q12023Q2Q3Q4Q12024Q2Q3Q4Q12025Q2Q3Q4Q12026Q2Showing: Q4, 2025
Risks removedRisks addedRisks changedArtisan Partners Risk Factors
  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 1
    Control by our stockholders committee of approximately 10% 9% of the combined voting power of our capital stock and the rights of holders of limited partnership units of Artisan Partners Holdings may give rise to conflicts of interest.

    Certain shares of common stock held by current employees are subject to a stockholders agreement, pursuant to which a stockholders committee has been granted an irrevocable voting proxy with respect to such shares. Shares held by an employee cease to be subject to the stockholders agreement upon termination of employment or if the stockholders agreement is terminated. The stockholders committee currently consists of Jason A. Gottlieb (Chief Executive Officer and President), Eric R. Colson (Executive Chair) and Charles J. Daley, Jr. (Chief Financial Officer). All shares subject to the stockholders agreement are voted in accordance with the majority decision of those three members providing the committee with approximately 9% of the aggregate voting power as of February 14, 2026. The consent of the holders of our Class A common units, voting as a single and separate class, is required for Holdings to engage in certain material corporate transactions, including a merger, consolidation, dissolution or sale of greater than 25% of the fair market value of Holdings' assets. These voting and class approval rights may enable the holders of Class A common units to prevent the consummation of transactions that may be in the best interests of the holders of our Class A common stock. In addition, because the majority of our pre-IPO owners, including certain members of APAM's board of directors (the "Board"), hold or held a portion of their ownership interests in our business through Holdings, rather than through APAM, these pre-IPO owners may have conflicting interests with holders of our Class A common stock. For example, our pre-IPO owners may have different tax positions from us which could influence their decisions regarding whether and when we should dispose of assets, whether and when we should incur new or refinance existing indebtedness, especially in light of the existence of the tax receivable agreements, and whether and when Artisan Partners Asset Management should terminate the tax receivable agreements and accelerate its obligations thereunder. In addition, the structuring of future transactions may take into consideration these pre-IPO owners' tax or other considerations even where no similar benefit would accrue to us.

  • Debt & Financing - Risk 2
    Several of our investment strategies invest principally in the securities of non-U.S. companies, which involve foreign currency exchange, exchange risks and may face heightened tax, political, social and social, economic uncertainties and legal risks.

    As of December 31, 2025, approximately 48% of our AUM were invested in strategies that primarily invest in securities of non-U.S. companies. Some of our other strategies also invest on a more limited basis in securities of non-U.S. companies. Approximately 50% of our AUM were invested in securities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar at December 31, 2025. Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates could negatively affect the returns of our clients who are invested in these strategies. In addition, an increase in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to non-U.S. currencies is likely to result in a decrease in the U.S. dollar value of our AUM, which, in turn, would likely result in lower revenue and profits. See "Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures Regarding Market Risk-Exchange Rate Risk" in Item 7A of this report for more information about exchange rate risk. Investments in non-U.S. issuers face heightened tax, political, social, economic and legal risks. Non-U.S. issuers are affected by tax positions taken in countries or regions in which we are invested. Declining tax revenues have in the past and could in the future cause governments to assert their ability to tax the local gains and/or income of foreign investors, which has in the past and could in the future adversely affect clients' interests in investing outside their home markets. The price and liquidity of securities traded in non-U.S. markets may be adversely affected by political or economic events, government policies and social or civil unrest within a particular country. For example, in response to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, the U.S. and other countries imposed broad-ranging economic sanctions on Russia and certain Russian individuals, banking entities and corporations, which has impacted the value and liquidity of Russian holdings. These risks could adversely affect the performance of our strategies that are invested in securities of non-U.S. issuers and may be particularly acute in the emerging or less developed markets in which we invest where markets are often smaller, less liquid, less regulated and significantly more volatile than those in the U.S. In addition to our Sustainable Emerging Markets and Developing World strategies, and the strategies managed by the EMsights Capital Group, which invest primarily in emerging markets, several of our other investment strategies are permitted to invest, and do invest, in emerging or less developed markets to a more limited extent.

  • Debt & Financing - Risk 3
    Our newest investment strategies credit and alternative investment strategies we may establish in the future present certain investment, operational, distribution and other risks that are different in kind and/or degree from those presented by our earlier investment strategies and dealing with those risks presents us with new challenges.

    Our credit and alternative investment strategies have the ability to make investments that present different risks and/or degrees of risk than our earlier strategies, many of which invest primarily in publicly traded equity securities. For example, several of our newest strategies invest in securities that are not publicly traded. We may be prohibited from selling these investments for a period of time and generally will be unable to sell these securities publicly unless their sale is registered under applicable securities law or an exemption from such registration is available. Illiquid securities are more difficult to value and dispose of when desired and, under certain circumstances, may make it more difficult to manage investors' redemption requests. Several of our existing strategies, and strategies we may offer in the future, can and do invest in certain instruments (such as derivative securities) and engage in activities (such as shorting and use of leverage) the complexity of which may increase the risk of operational errors. Any such errors could damage our reputation or result in regulatory scrutiny or legal liability. In addition, any real or perceived problems could cause a disproportionate negative impact on our business and reputation. Several of our newer investment strategies are primarily offered through private funds, which present operational, regulatory and distribution-related risks that are different from those associated with the mutual funds and traditional separate accounts through which we offer our earlier investment strategies. In the future, we expect to offer investment strategies through different types of investment vehicles and fund structures which could present different types of operational, regulatory and distribution-related risks with which we have little to no experience. For example, our reputation as a long-only manager of traditional investment products has been an impediment to penetrating new channels and selling our newer alternative investment strategies. Although we continue to build out a team of distribution professionals with deep alternatives experience and strong fundraising networks, we cannot be sure that these changes will have a meaningful impact on selling our alternatives strategies. In general, the complexity of these newer strategies and vehicles could strain our resources and increase the likelihood of real or perceived problems, which could damage our reputation or result in regulatory scrutiny or legal liability. Several of our newer investment strategies and vehicles, and strategies and vehicles that we may establish in the future, have more limited capacity than our earlier large-capacity investment strategies. Despite the limited capacity, these newer strategies with broader degrees of freedom may require increased access to specialized technology, market data with advanced data analytic capabilities, and operational resources, including bespoke operational solutions and third-party service providers as well as operational, distribution and other personnel with specialized talent to align with the increasing complexity of the investment strategies. In addition to the risk that our newer investment teams, strategies or vehicles may not experience the requisite growth to compensate for these increased operational support costs, requests for resources that are disproportionate to the size of the investment team may put pressure on our resource allocation model and cause friction and instability among the teams. Friction among investment teams may also occur if these newer strategies with broader degrees of freedom take action or make investments that ultimately impact the ability of our other investment teams to invest in a manner consistent with their philosophy and process. Friction and distraction within our investment teams may cause our existing investment professionals to leave our firm or fail to produce their best work on a consistent, long-term basis and/or we may be unsuccessful in attracting talented new investment professionals, any of which could negatively impact the performance of our investment strategies, our financial results and our ability to grow.

  • Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 4
    Changes to our investment environment or compensation structures structures, or decisions related to resource allocation, could cause instability within our investment teams and/or have an adverse effect on the performance of our investment strategies, our financial results and our ability to grow.

    Attracting, developing and retaining talented investment professionals is an essential component of our business strategy. To do so, it is critical that we continue to foster an environment and provide opportunities, compensation and benefits that are attractive for existing and prospective investment professionals within an increasingly complex platform. If we are unsuccessful in maintaining such an environment or compensation levels or structures, for example if the activities we undertake in pursuit of growing new areas of our business impact our ability to simultaneously maintain our traditional equity-focused investment teams and strategies, our existing investment professionals may leave our firm or fail to produce their best work on a consistent, long-term basis and/or we may be unsuccessful in attracting talented new investment professionals, any of which could negatively impact the performance of our investment strategies, our financial results and our ability to grow. Over our firm's history we have sought to successfully design and implement compensation structures that align our investment professionals' economic interests with those of our clients and stockholders. We believe such alignment is important to our long-term growth and that objective, predictable, and transparent compensation structures work best to incentivize investment professionals to perform over the long-term. With respect to asset-based revenues, each of our investment teams shares a bonus pool consisting of a percentage of the asset-based revenues earned by the strategies managed by the respective team, which is generally set at 25% depending on strategy type. Each team is also entitled to a share of the performance-based revenues earned by the strategies it manages. The revenue share directly links the majority of the investment teams' cash compensation to long-term growth in revenues, which, over the long-term, we believe is primarily linked to investment performance. We also provide supplemental incentive payments to investment professionals in support of new or subscale teams or strategies or franchise development efforts. The equity we award to our investment professionals consists of a mix of standard restricted shares which vest pro rata over the five years following the year of grant, and career or franchise shares that generally vest on, or 18 months after, a "qualified retirement" as defined in the applicable award agreement. Franchise shares are further subject to the franchise protection clause, which applies to current or former portfolio managers and founding investment team members. Pursuant to this clause, the number of shares ultimately vesting may be reduced to the extent that cumulative net client cash outflows from the award recipient's investment team during a period beginning on the date of the recipient's retirement notice exceeds a set threshold. We also grant franchise capital awards to investment professionals to enhance the alignment between our investment professionals and clients, and to provide investment professionals with greater control over their long-term economic outcome. Franchise capital awards are cash awards that are subject to the same long-term vesting and forfeiture provisions as the restricted share-based awards described above. Prior to vesting, the franchise capital awards will generally be invested in one or more of the investment strategies managed by the award recipient's investment team. We regularly assess the effectiveness of our compensation arrangements and long-term incentive structures in aligning the long-term interests of our investment professionals with those of our clients and stockholders and consider whether different, or modified, arrangements or structures would enhance incentives for long-term growth and succession planning. The implementation of new or modified compensation arrangements or long-term incentive programs has in the past led to friction within our investment teams. Future modifications to compensation arrangements or long-term incentive programs, or other decisions relating to resource allocation, could cause instability within our investment teams if those modifications or decisions were perceived to negatively impact portfolio managers' economic outcomes or treated teams differently from one another. In addition, any new arrangements or structures could materially impact our financial performance and results (or expectations about our future financial performance and results), reduce the amount of cash available for dividends and distributions to our stockholders and partners or result in dilution to other stockholders.

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Risk Highlights Q2, 2026

Main Risk Category
Finance & Corporate
With 19 Risks
Number of Disclosed Risks
41
No changes from last report
S&P 500 Average: 32
Recent Changes
0Risks added
0Risks removed
0Risks changed
Since Jun 2026
Number of Risk Changed
0
No changes from last report
S&P 500 Average: 1

Risk Word Cloud

our ability to pay taxes and expenses, including payments under the tax receivable agreements ("tras"), may be limited by our holding company structure.our ability to pay taxesthe majority of our aum are managed in primarily long-only, equity investment strategies, which exposes us to greater risk than certain of our competitors who may manage more assets in diverse strategies.exposes us to greater riskour credit and alternative investment strategies present investment, operational, distribution and other risks that are different in kind and/or degree from those presented by our earlier investment strategies and dealing with those risks presents us with new challenges.alternative investment strategies present investmedeveloping regulatory treatment of ai, and failure to adequately address ai-related challenges, creates a risk of reputational harm and an impediment to growth.developing regulatory treatment of aiour restated certificate of incorporation contains a forum selection clause, which could limit our stockholders' ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, employees or agents.our restated certificate of incorporationchanges to our investment environment or compensation structures, or decisions related to resource allocation, could cause instability within our investment teams and/or have an adverse effect on the performance of our investment strategies, our financial results and our ability to grow.decisions related to resource allocationseveral of our investment strategies invest principally in the securities of non-u.s. companies, which involve foreign currency exchange risks and may face heightened tax, political, social, economic and legal risks.involve foreign currency exchange riskschanges in tax laws or exposure to additional tax liabilities could have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.exposure to additional tax liabilitiesthe loss of key investment professionals or senior members of our distribution and management teams could have a material adverse effect on our business.loss of key investment professionalsfuture sales of our class a common stock in the public market could lower our stock price, and any future sale of equity or convertible securities may dilute existing stockholders' ownership in us.future sales of our class

Risk Factors Full Breakdown - Total Risks 41

Share Price & Shareholder Rights7 | 17.1%
  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 1
    A change of control could result in termination of our investment management agreements with mutual funds and could trigger consent requirements in our other investment management agreements.

    Under the 1940 Act, each of the investment management agreements between SEC-registered mutual funds and our subsidiary, Artisan Partners Limited Partnership, will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment. Upon the occurrence of such an assignment, our subsidiary could continue to act as adviser to any such fund only if that fund's board and shareholders approved a new investment management agreement, except in the case of certain funds that we sub-advise for which only board approval would be necessary. In addition, as required by the Advisers Act, each of the investment management agreements for the separate accounts we manage provides that it may not be assigned, as defined in the Advisers Act, without the consent of the client. An assignment occurs under the 1940 Act and the Advisers Act if, among other things, Artisan Partners Limited Partnership undergoes a change of control as recognized under the 1940 Act and the Advisers Act. If such an assignment were to occur, we cannot be certain that we would be able to obtain the necessary approvals from the boards and shareholders of the mutual funds we advise or the necessary consents from our separate account clients.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 2
    Control by our stockholders committee of approximately 9% of the combined voting power of our capital stock and the rights of holders of limited partnership units of Artisan Partners Holdings may give rise to conflicts of interest.

    Certain shares of common stock held by current employees are subject to a stockholders agreement, pursuant to which a stockholders committee has been granted an irrevocable voting proxy with respect to such shares. Shares held by an employee cease to be subject to the stockholders agreement upon termination of employment or if the stockholders agreement is terminated. The stockholders committee currently consists of Jason A. Gottlieb (Chief Executive Officer and President), Eric R. Colson (Executive Chair) and Charles J. Daley, Jr. (Chief Financial Officer). All shares subject to the stockholders agreement are voted in accordance with the majority decision of those three members providing the committee with approximately 9% of the aggregate voting power as of February 14, 2026. The consent of the holders of our Class A common units, voting as a single and separate class, is required for Holdings to engage in certain material corporate transactions, including a merger, consolidation, dissolution or sale of greater than 25% of the fair market value of Holdings' assets. These voting and class approval rights may enable the holders of Class A common units to prevent the consummation of transactions that may be in the best interests of the holders of our Class A common stock. In addition, because the majority of our pre-IPO owners, including certain members of APAM's board of directors (the "Board"), hold or held a portion of their ownership interests in our business through Holdings, rather than through APAM, these pre-IPO owners may have conflicting interests with holders of our Class A common stock. For example, our pre-IPO owners may have different tax positions from us which could influence their decisions regarding whether and when we should dispose of assets, whether and when we should incur new or refinance existing indebtedness, especially in light of the existence of the tax receivable agreements, and whether and when Artisan Partners Asset Management should terminate the tax receivable agreements and accelerate its obligations thereunder. In addition, the structuring of future transactions may take into consideration these pre-IPO owners' tax or other considerations even where no similar benefit would accrue to us.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 3
    Equity markets and the price of our Class A common stock have been, and may continue to be, volatile, which could result in rapid and substantial losses for our stockholders.

    The market price of our Class A common stock is significantly impacted by fluctuations in the broader equity markets and, as a result, has experienced and may continue to experience volatility in price and volume. In addition, a relatively concentrated number of institutional stockholders own our Class A common stock. If our larger stockholders decide to reduce or liquidate their positions, the trading volume of our Class A common stock may fluctuate and cause significant price variations to occur. If the market price of our Class A common stock declines significantly, investors may be unable to sell shares of Class A common stock at or above their purchase price, if at all. The market price of our Class A common stock may fluctuate or decline significantly in the future.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 4
    Future sales of our Class A common stock in the public market could lower our stock price, and any future sale of equity or convertible securities may dilute existing stockholders' ownership in us.

    The market price of our Class A common stock could decline as a result of future sales of a large number of shares of our Class A common stock, or the perception that such sales could occur. These sales, or the possibility that such sales may occur, may make it more difficult for us to raise capital by selling equity securities in the future, at a time and price that we deem appropriate. We are party to a resale and registration rights agreement pursuant to which the shares of our Class A common stock issued upon exchange of limited partnership units, on a one-for-one basis, are eligible for resale. Such shares of Class A common stock may be transferred in accordance with the terms and conditions of the resale and registration rights agreement, which our Board may waive or modify at any time. As a result of such modifications, there is generally no limit on the number of shares of our Class A common stock that our limited partners may sell upon exchange of their limited partnership units. As of February 19, 2026, our Class A limited partners in the aggregate owned approximately 4.4 million Class A common units, Artisan Investment Corporation owned approximately 3.5 million Class D common units, our employee-partners in the aggregate owned 1.1 million Class B common units, and our former employee-partners owned 1.1 million Class E common units. We may also purchase limited partnerships units of Holdings at any time and may issue and sell additional shares of our Class A common stock to fund such purchases. We cannot predict the size of future issuances of our Class A common stock or the effect, if any, that such future issuances and sales may have on the market price of our Class A common stock. Sales or distributions of substantial amounts of our Class A common stock (including shares issued in connection with an acquisition), or the perception that such sales could occur, may cause the market price of our Class A common stock to decline. Including the grant approved by the Board in January 2026, as of February 19, 2026, there were 5,216,341 outstanding unvested restricted share-based awards and 297,007 outstanding restricted stock units granted pursuant to our compensation plans for employees and non-employee directors, respectively. Awards granted under these plans remain in effect until they have vested or been forfeited in accordance with the terms of the applicable plan and award agreement. Once shares issued pursuant to these plans have vested, they will be eligible for sale in the public market.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 5
    Provisions in our organizational documents, equity award agreements and Delaware law could discourage a change of control that stockholders may favor, which could negatively affect the market price of our Class A common stock.

    Provisions in our restated certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws and in the Delaware General Corporation Law, as well as the terms of our equity awards, may make it more difficult and expensive for a third party to acquire control of us even if a change of control would be beneficial to the interests of our stockholders. Those provisions include: - The right of certain classes of our capital stock to vote, as separate classes, on certain amendments to our restated certificate of incorporation and certain fundamental transactions. - The ability of our Board to determine to issue shares of preferred stock. - Advance notice procedures that stockholders must comply with in order to nominate candidates to our Board or to propose matters to be acted upon at a stockholders' meeting. - A limitation that, generally, stockholder action may only be taken at an annual or special meeting or by unanimous written consent. - A requirement that a special meeting of stockholders may be called only by our Board, the Chair of the Board or the Chief Executive Officer. - The ability of our Board to adopt, amend and repeal our amended and restated bylaws by majority vote, while such action by stockholders would require a super majority vote. - Except with respect to restricted share based awards held by our named executive officers which are double trigger, single trigger vesting upon a change in control. Prior to February 2019, our awards generally included double trigger vesting upon a change in control. The market price of our Class A common stock could be adversely affected to the extent that the above factors discourage or delay potential takeover attempts that our stockholders may favor.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 6
    Our restated certificate of incorporation contains a forum selection clause, which could limit our stockholders' ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, employees or agents.

    Our restated certificate of incorporation provides that, unless we consent in writing to an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings that may be initiated by our stockholders. Any person acquiring any interest in any shares of our capital stock shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to this provision of our restated certificate of incorporation. This choice of forum provision may limit our stockholders' ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers, employees or agents, which may discourage lawsuits against such parties. Alternatively, if a court were to find the forum selection clause inapplicable to, or unenforceable in respect of, one or more actions or proceedings, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect our business and financial condition.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 7
    Our restated certificate of incorporation provides that certain of our investors do not have an obligation to offer us business opportunities.

    Our restated certificate of incorporation provides that, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, certain of our investors and their respective affiliates (including affiliates who serve on our Board) have no obligation to offer us an opportunity to participate in the business opportunities presented to them, even if the opportunity is one that we might reasonably have pursued. Therefore, they may be free to compete with us in the same or a similar business. Furthermore, we renounce and waive and agree not to assert any claim for breach of any duty relating to any such opportunity against those investors and their affiliates by reason of any such activities unless, in the case of any person who is our director or officer, such opportunity is expressly offered to such person in writing solely in his or her capacity as an officer or director of us. This may create actual and potential conflicts of interest between us and certain of our investors and their affiliates (including certain of our directors).

See a full breakdown of risk according to category and subcategory. The list starts with the category with the most risk. Click on subcategories to read relevant extracts from the most recent report.

FAQ

What are “Risk Factors”?
Risk factors are any situations or occurrences that could make investing in a company risky. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requires that publicly traded companies disclose their most significant risk factors. This is so that potential investors can consider any risks before they make an investment. They also offer companies protection, as a company can use risk factors as liability protection. This could happen if a company underperforms and investors take legal action as a result. It is worth noting that smaller companies, that is those with a public float of under $75 million on the last business day, do not have to include risk factors in their 10-K and 10-Q forms, although some may choose to do so.
How do companies disclose their risk factors?
Publicly traded companies initially disclose their risk factors to the SEC through their S-1 filings as part of the IPO process. Additionally, companies must provide a complete list of risk factors in their Annual Reports (Form 10-K) or (Form 20-F) for “foreign private issuers”. Quarterly Reports also include a section on risk factors (Form 10-Q) where companies are only required to update any changes since the previous report. According to the SEC, risk factors should be reported concisely, logically and in “plain English” so investors can understand them.
How can I use TipRanks risk factors in my stock research?
Use the Risk Factors tab to get data about the risk factors of any company in which you are considering investing. You can easily see the most significant risks a company is facing. Additionally, you can find out which risk factors a company has added, removed or adjusted since its previous disclosure. You can also see how a company’s risk factors compare to others in its sector. Without reading company reports or participating in conference calls, you would most likely not have access to this sort of information, which is usually not included in press releases or other public announcements. A simplified analysis of risk factors is unique to TipRanks.
What are all the risk factor categories?
TipRanks has identified 6 major categories of risk factors and a number of subcategories for each. You can see how these categories are broken down in the list below. 1. Financial & Corporate Accounting & Financial Operations - risks related to accounting loss, value of intangible assets, financial statements, value of intangible assets, financial reporting, estimates, guidance, company profitability, dividends, fluctuating results. Share Price & Shareholder Rights – risks related to things that impact share prices and the rights of shareholders, including analyst ratings, major shareholder activity, trade volatility, liquidity of shares, anti-takeover provisions, international listing, dual listing. Debt & Financing – risks related to debt, funding, financing and interest rates, financial investments. Corporate Activity and Growth – risks related to restructuring, M&As, joint ventures, execution of corporate strategy, strategic alliances. 2. Legal & Regulatory Litigation and Legal Liabilities – risks related to litigation/ lawsuits against the company. Regulation – risks related to compliance, GDPR, and new legislation. Environmental / Social – risks related to environmental regulation and to data privacy. Taxation & Government Incentives – risks related to taxation and changes in government incentives. 3. Production Costs – risks related to costs of production including commodity prices, future contracts, inventory. Supply Chain – risks related to the company’s suppliers. Manufacturing – risks related to the company’s manufacturing process including product quality and product recalls. Human Capital – risks related to recruitment, training and retention of key employees, employee relationships & unions labor disputes, pension, and post retirement benefits, medical, health and welfare benefits, employee misconduct, employee litigation. 4. Technology & Innovation Innovation / R&D – risks related to innovation and new product development. Technology – risks related to the company’s reliance on technology. Cyber Security – risks related to securing the company’s digital assets and from cyber attacks. Trade Secrets & Patents – risks related to the company’s ability to protect its intellectual property and to infringement claims against the company as well as piracy and unlicensed copying. 5. Ability to Sell Demand – risks related to the demand of the company’s goods and services including seasonality, reliance on key customers. Competition – risks related to the company’s competition including substitutes. Sales & Marketing – risks related to sales, marketing, and distribution channels, pricing, and market penetration. Brand & Reputation – risks related to the company’s brand and reputation. 6. Macro & Political Economy & Political Environment – risks related to changes in economic and political conditions. Natural and Human Disruptions – risks related to catastrophes, floods, storms, terror, earthquakes, coronavirus pandemic/COVID-19. International Operations – risks related to the global nature of the company. Capital Markets – risks related to exchange rates and trade, cryptocurrency.