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African Agriculture Holding (AAGR) Risk Analysis

Public companies are required to disclose risks that can affect the business and impact the stock. These disclosures are known as “Risk Factors”. Companies disclose these risks in their yearly (Form 10-K), quarterly earnings (Form 10-Q), or “foreign private issuer” reports (Form 20-F). Risk factors show the challenges a company faces. Investors can consider the worst-case scenarios before making an investment. TipRanks’ Risk Analysis categorizes risks based on proprietary classification algorithms and machine learning. African Agriculture Holding disclosed 62 risk factors in its most recent earnings report. African Agriculture Holding reported the most risks in the “Finance & Corporate” category.

Risk Overview Q1, 2024

Source: the company's latest filing for the period ended Mar 31, 2024, filed May 20, 2024

Risk Distribution
62Risks
Sector Avg.Finance & CorporateTech & InnovationLegal & RegulatoryProductionAbility to SellMacro & Political
Finance & Corporate - Financial and accounting risks. Risks related to the execution of corporate activity and strategy

Risk Change Over Time

African Agriculture Holding disclosed risks per quarterNo. of Risks60708090100Q12023Q4Q12024Showing: Q4, 2023
Risks removedRisks addedRisks changedAfrican Agriculture Holding Risk Factors
  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 1
    Our directors, executive officers and principal stockholders have substantial control over the company, which could limit our ability to influence the outcome of key transactions, including a change of control.

    Our executive officers, directors and principal stockholders and their affiliates own 42,741,705 shares of Common Stock, or approximately 75.9% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock. As a result, these stockholders will be able to exercise a significant level of control over all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors and the approval of mergers, acquisitions or other extraordinary transactions. They may also have interests that differ from yours and may vote in a way with which you disagree and which may be adverse to our interests. This concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying, preventing or deterring a change of control, could deprive our stockholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their common stock as part of a sale and might ultimately affect the market price of our Common Stock.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 2
    Warrants will become exercisable for Common Stock, which, if exercised, would increase the number of shares eligible for future resale in the public market and result in dilution to its shareholders.

    Outstanding warrants to purchase an aggregate of 6,911,100 shares of Common Stock will become exercisable in accordance with the terms of the warrant agreement. These warrants will become exercisable 30 days after Closing. The exercise price of these warrants is $11.50 per share. To the extent such warrants are exercised, additional shares of Common Stock will be issued, which will result in dilution to the holders of Common Stock and increase the number of shares eligible for resale in the public market. Sales of substantial numbers of such shares in the public market or the fact that such warrants may be exercised could adversely affect the prevailing market prices of Common Stock. However, there is no guarantee that the public warrants will ever be in the money prior to their expiration, and as such, the warrants may expire worthless.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 3
    The warrants may not be exercised at all or may be exercised on a "cashless basis" under certain circumstances, and we may not receive any cash proceeds from the exercise of such warrants.

    The exercise price of the warrants may be higher than the prevailing market price of the underlying shares of common stock. The exercise price of the warrants is subject to market conditions and may not be advantageous if the prevailing market price of the underlying shares of common stock is lower than the exercise price. The cash proceeds associated with the exercise of the warrants to purchase our common stock are contingent upon our stock price. The value of our common stock will fluctuate and may not align with the exercise price of the warrants at any given time. We believe that if the warrants are "out of the money," meaning the exercise price is higher than the market price of our common stock, there is a high likelihood that warrant holders may choose not to exercise their warrants. As a result, we may not receive any proceeds from the exercise of the warrants. Furthermore, the warrant agreement provides that in the following circumstances holders of warrants who seek to exercise their warrants will not be permitted to do for cash and will, instead, be required to do so on a cashless basis in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act: (i) if the Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants are not registered under the Securities Act in accordance with the terms of the warrant agreement; (ii) if we have so elected and the Common Stock are at the time of any exercise of a warrant not listed on a national securities exchange such that they satisfy the definition of "covered securities" under Section 18(b)(1) of the Securities Act; and (iii) if we have so elected and we call the public warrants for redemption. If you exercise your public warrants on a cashless basis, you would pay the warrant exercise price by surrendering all of the warrants for that number of shares of Common Stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of shares of Common Stock underlying the warrants, multiplied by the excess of the "fair market value" of the Common Stock (as defined in the next sentence) over the exercise price of the warrants by (y) the fair market value. The "fair market value" is the average reported closing price of the Common Stock for the 10 trading days ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the notice of redemption is sent to the holders of the warrants. As a result, you would receive fewer shares of Common Stock from such exercise than if you were to exercise such warrants for cash.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 4
    There can be no assurance that our public warrants will be in the money at the time they become exercisable, and they may expire worthless.

    The exercise price for the outstanding public warrants is $11.50 per share. There can be no assurance that such warrants will be in the money following the time they become exercisable and prior to their expiration, and as such, the warrants may expire worthless.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 5
    An active, liquid trading market for our securities may not develop, which may limit your ability to sell such securities.

    Although our Common Stock and public warrants are listed on Nasdaq under the ticker symbols "AAGR" and "AAGRW", respectively, an active trading market for such securities may never develop or be sustained. A public trading market having the desirable characteristics of depth, liquidity and orderliness depends upon the existence of willing buyers and sellers at any given time, such existence being dependent upon the individual decisions of buyers and sellers over which neither we nor any market maker has control. The failure of an active and liquid trading market to develop and continue would likely have a material adverse effect on the value of Common Stock and warrants. An inactive market may also impair our ability to raise capital to continue to fund operations.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 6
    We may issue additional shares of Common Stock or other equity securities without your approval, which would dilute your ownership interests and may depress the market price of your shares.

    We may issue additional shares of Common Stock or other equity securities of equal or senior rank in the future in connection with, among other things, future farm acreage development, future acquisitions, repayment of outstanding indebtedness or under the African Agriculture Holdings Inc. 2023 Incentive Plan, without stockholder approval, in a number of circumstances. The issuance of additional shares of Common Stock or other equity securities of equal or senior rank could have the following effects: - your proportionate ownership interest will decrease;- the relative voting strength of each previously outstanding share of Common Stock may be diminished; or - the market price of your shares of Common Stock may decline.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 7
    Investors may experience difficulties in effecting service of legal process, enforcing foreign judgments or bringing actions against us our management based on foreign laws.

    Although we are a Delaware corporation, we anticipate conducting a substantial part of our business in certain foreign jurisdictions such as the Middle East and Africa, and a significant portion of our assets are located in Africa. In addition, our officers may reside within Africa for a significant portion of the time. Countries where we operate may not have treaties providing for the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments of courts with the United States. As a result, it may not be possible for investors to serve process upon those persons, or to enforce against them, any judgments obtained from U.S. courts. As a result, it may be difficult for you to effect service of process upon us or those persons. It may also be difficult for you to enforce judgments obtained in U.S. courts based on the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws against our officers and directors who do not reside in the United States or have substantial assets located in the United States. In addition, there is uncertainty as to whether the courts in Senegal or other non-U.S. jurisdictions would recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts against us or such persons predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 8
    Our business and operations could be negatively affected if we become subject to any securities litigation or stockholder activism, which could cause us to incur significant expense, hinder execution of business and growth strategy and impact our stock price.

    In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company's securities, securities class action litigation has often been brought against that company. Shareholder activism, which could take many forms or arise in a variety of situations, has been increasing recently. Volatility in the stock price of the Common Stock or other reasons may in the future cause us to become the target of securities litigation or stockholder activism. Securities litigation and stockholder activism, including potential proxy contests, could result in substantial costs and divert management's and our board of directors' attention and resources from our business. Additionally, such securities litigation and stockholder activism could give rise to perceived uncertainties as to our future, adversely affect our relationships with suppliers, service providers and customers and make it more difficult to attract and retain qualified personnel. Also, we may be required to incur significant legal fees and other expenses related to any securities litigation and activist stockholder matters. Further, our stock price could be subject to significant fluctuation or otherwise be adversely affected by the events, risks and uncertainties of any securities litigation and stockholder activism.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 9
    Delaware law and our Governing Documents contain certain provisions, including anti-takeover provisions, that limit the ability of stockholders to take certain actions and could delay or discourage takeover attempts that stockholders may consider favorable.

    Our Governing Documents, and the DGCL, contain provisions that could have the effect of rendering more difficult, delaying, or preventing an acquisition deemed undesirable by the AAGR Board and therefore depress the trading price of the Common Stock. These provisions could also make it difficult for stockholders to take certain actions, including electing directors who are not nominated by the current members of the AAGR Board or taking other corporate actions, including effecting changes in our management. Among other things, the Governing Documents include provisions regarding: - providing for a classified board of directors with staggered, three-year terms;- the ability of the AAGR Board to issue shares of preferred stock, including "blank check" preferred stock and to determine the price and other terms of those shares, including preferences and voting rights, without stockholder approval, which could be used to significantly dilute the ownership of a hostile acquirer;- our Charter prohibits cumulative voting in the election of directors, which limits the ability of minority stockholders to elect director candidates;- the limitation of the liability of, and the indemnification of, our directors and officers;- removal of the ability of our stockholders to take action by written consent in lieu of a meeting;- the requirement that a special meeting of stockholders may be called only by or at the direction of the AAGR Board, the chairperson of the AAGR Board or our chief executive officer, which could delay the ability of stockholders to force consideration of a proposal or to take action, including the removal of directors;- controlling the procedures for the conduct and scheduling of board of directors and stockholder meetings;- the ability of the AAGR Board to amend the bylaws, which may allow the AAGR Board to take additional actions to prevent an unsolicited takeover and inhibit the ability of an acquirer to amend the bylaws to facilitate an unsolicited takeover attempt; and - advance notice procedures with which stockholders must comply to nominate candidates to the AAGR Board or to propose matters to be acted upon at a stockholders' meeting, which could preclude stockholders from bringing matters before annual or special meetings of stockholders and delay changes in the AAGR Board, and also may discourage or deter a potential acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect the acquirer's own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to obtain control of AFRAG PubCo. These provisions, alone or together, could delay or prevent hostile takeovers and changes in control or changes in the AAGR Board or management.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 10
    Our Charter provides for indemnification of our officers and directors at our expense, which may result in a significant cost and hurt the interests of our stockholders because corporate resources may be expended for the benefit of officers and/or directors.

    Our Charter and applicable Delaware law provide for the indemnification of our directors and officers, under certain circumstances, against any liability, action, proceeding, claim, demand, costs, damages or expenses, including legal expenses, whatsoever which they or any of them may incur as a result of any act or failure to act in carrying out their functions, other than such liability (if any) that they may incur by reason of their own actual fraud, dishonesty, willful neglect or willful default. We will also bear the expenses of such litigation for any of our directors or officers, upon such person's undertaking to repay any amounts paid, advanced, or reimbursed by us if it is ultimately determined that any such person shall not have been entitled to indemnification. This indemnification policy could result in substantial expenditures by us that we will be unable to recoup.

  • Accounting & Financial Operations - Risk 11
    African Agriculture Holdings Inc. is a holding company with no operations of its own and, as such, it depends on its subsidiaries for cash to fund all of its operations and expenses, including future dividend payments, if any.

    Our operations are conducted entirely through our subsidiaries and our ability to generate cash to meet our debt service obligations or to make future dividend payments, if any, is highly dependent on the earnings and the receipt of funds from our subsidiaries via dividends or intercompany loans. Some of our subsidiaries may become subject to agreements that restrict the sale of assets and significantly restrict or prohibit the payment of dividends or the making of distributions, loans or other payments to stockholders, partners or members. In addition, Delaware law may impose requirements that may restrict our ability to pay dividends to holders of our common stock.

  • Accounting & Financial Operations - Risk 12
    Our internal controls over financial reporting may not be effective and our independent registered public accounting firm may not be able to certify as to their effectiveness, which could have a significant and adverse effect on our business and reputation.

    Following the consummation of the Business Combination, we became subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the rules and regulations of Nasdaq. We expect that the requirements of these rules and regulations will increase our legal, accounting and financial compliance costs, make some activities more difficult, time-consuming and costly, and place significant strain on personnel, systems and resources. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. We are currently an Exchange Act reporting company required to file reports with the SEC, and we are continuing to develop and refine our disclosure controls, internal control over financial reporting and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in such reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and that information required to be disclosed such reports is accumulated and communicated to our principal executive and financial officers. We note that 10X II filed a Form NT 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2023 indicating that it was unable to file its quarterly report for such quarter within the prescribed time period because its independent registered accounting firm was unable to complete its review of the financial statements for such quarter prior to the prescribed due date. We may have similar difficulty filing timely Exchange Act reports in the future. As part of the SEC review process in connection with our Form S-1 initially filed on March 31, 2022, AFRAG identified certain errors in its financial statements related to the acquisition of its wholly owned subsidiary, LFT, in 2018 as follows: AFRAG determined that its acquisition LFT in 2018 should have been accounted for as an asset acquisition instead of a business combination. As a result, in 2018 AFRAG overstated its land use right intangible asset and should not have recognized a bargain purchase gain. AFRAG determined that a related party payable owed to the prior owner of LFT was relinquished in the acquisition of LFT and, as a result, AFRAG should not have recognized this related party payable in 2018. As a result, AFRAG should not have accrued an operating expense for this related party payable in 2018. As a direct result of the above two error corrections imputed interest on the related party payable and amortization of the land use right asset were overstated. The reduction in the related party payable also impacted the calculation of the foreign currency translation adjustment and the allocation to the non-controlling interest. See Note 3 to the unaudited consolidated financial statements of AFRAG for the year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 contained elsewhere in this prospectus. While we are taking action to update our controls to identify any future errors, any new controls that we develop may become inadequate because of changes in conditions in our business. Further, weaknesses in our internal controls may be discovered in the future. Any failure to develop or maintain effective controls, or any difficulties encountered in their implementation or improvement, could adversely affect our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations and may result in additional restatements of our financial statements for prior periods. Any failure to implement and maintain effective internal controls also could adversely affect the results of periodic management evaluations and annual independent registered public accounting firm attestation reports regarding the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting that we are required to include in our periodic reports to be filed with the SEC under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Ineffective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting could also cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial and other information. In order to maintain and improve the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting, we have expended and anticipate that we will continue to expend significant resources, including accounting-related costs, and provide significant management oversight in the regular context of business operations. Any failure to maintain the adequacy of our internal controls, or our consequent inability to produce accurate financial statements on a timely basis, could increase our operating costs and could materially and adversely affect our ability to operate its business. In the event that our internal controls are perceived as inadequate or that we are unable to produce timely or accurate financial statements, investors may lose confidence in our operating results and the price of our stock could decline. Our independent registered public accounting firm is not required to formally attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting until after we are no longer an emerging growth company or a non-accelerated filer. At such time, our independent registered public accounting firm may issue a report that is adverse in the event it is not satisfied with the level at which our controls are documented, designed or operating. Any failure to maintain effective disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting could have a material and adverse effect on our business and operating results.

  • Accounting & Financial Operations - Risk 13
    Reports published by analysts, including projections in those reports that differ from our actual results, could adversely affect the price and trading volume of its common shares.

    Securities research analysts may establish and publish their own periodic projections for us. These projections may vary widely and may not accurately predict the results we actually achieve. Our share price may decline if our actual results do not match the projections of these securities research analysts. Similarly, if one or more of the analysts who write reports on us downgrades our stock or publishes inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our share price could decline. If one or more of these analysts ceases coverage of us or fails to publish reports on us regularly, our share price or trading volume could decline. In addition, fluctuations in the price of our securities could contribute to the loss of all or part of your investment. The trading price of our securities could be volatile and subject to wide fluctuations in response to various factors, some of which are beyond our control. Any of the factors listed below could have a material adverse effect on our securities and our securities may trade at prices significantly below the price you paid for them. In such circumstances, the trading price of our securities may not recover and may experience a further decline. Factors affecting the trading price of our securities may include: - actual or anticipated fluctuations in our financial results or the financial results of companies perceived to be similar to us;- changes in the market's expectations about our operating results;- success of our competitors;- operating results failing to meet the expectations of securities analysts or investors in a particular period;- changes in financial estimates and recommendations by securities analysts concerning us or the industry in which we operate in general;- operating and stock price performance of other companies that investors deem comparable to ours;- ability to grow and sell certain crops;- changes in laws and regulations affecting our business;- commencement of, or involvement in, litigation;- changes in our capital structure, such as future issuances of securities or the incurrence of debt;- the volume of shares Common Stock available for public sale;- any major change in our board or management;- sales of substantial amounts of our Common Stock by our directors, executive officers or significant stockholders or the perception that such sales could occur; and - general economic and political conditions such as recessions, interest rates, fuel prices, international currency fluctuations and acts of war or terrorism. Broad market and industry factors may materially harm the market price of our securities irrespective of our operating performance. The stock market in general has experienced extreme volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. As a result of this volatility, you may not be able to sell your securities at or above the price at which it was acquired. A loss of investor confidence in the market for the stocks of other companies which investors perceive to be similar to us could depress our stock price regardless of our business, prospects, financial conditions or results of operations. A decline in the market price of our securities also could adversely affect our ability to issue additional securities and our ability to obtain additional financing in the future.

  • Accounting & Financial Operations - Risk 14
    We may fail to meet our publicly announced guidance or other expectations about our business, which would cause our stock price to decline.

    We expect to provide guidance regarding our expected financial and business performance, such as projections regarding sales and product development, as well as anticipated future revenues, gross margins, profitability and cash flows. Correctly identifying key factors affecting business conditions and predicting future events is inherently an uncertain process and our guidance may not be accurate. If our guidance is not accurate or varies from actual results due to our inability to meet our assumptions or the impact on our financial performance that could occur as a result of various risks and uncertainties, the market value of our Common Stock could decline significantly.

  • Accounting & Financial Operations - Risk 15
    We do not intend to pay cash dividends for the foreseeable future.

    We currently intend to retain our future earnings, if any, to finance the further development and expansion of our business and do not intend to pay cash dividends for the foreseeable future. Any future determination to pay dividends will be at the discretion of our Board and will depend on our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, restrictions contained in future agreements and financing instruments, business prospects and such other factors as our board of directors deems relevant. As a result, capital appreciation, if any, of Common Stock will be your sole source of gain for the foreseeable future.

  • Accounting & Financial Operations - Risk 16
    We have a limited operating history on which to judge our business prospects and management.

    We were incorporated in May 2021 and have only recently commenced commercial operations. An evaluation of our business and prospects can only be made through our pilot program and the operations of our wholly owned subsidiaries. Operating results for future periods are subject to numerous uncertainties and we cannot assure that we will achieve or sustain profitability. Our prospects must be considered in light of the risks encountered by companies in the early stage of development, particularly companies in new and rapidly evolving markets. Future operating results will depend upon many factors, including our success in attracting and retaining motivated and qualified personnel, our ability to establish short term credit lines or obtain financing from other sources, our ability to develop and market new products or control costs, and general economic conditions. We cannot assure that we will successfully address any of these contingencies.

  • Accounting & Financial Operations - Risk 17
    We have a history of net losses.

    For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 we incurred a net loss of approximately $43.1 million. and used cash in continuing operations of $4.0 million. We also incurred a net loss of approximately $26.3 million and used cash in continuing operations of $2.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. Our operations have historically been financed principally by loans from our majority shareholder, Global Commodities and Investments Limited, and its affiliated entities. Our primary sources of liquidity to date are loans from Global Commodities, sales of unneeded fixed assets from the prior ownership, various convertible and short-term debt instruments as well as the sale of alfalfa, which began during the second quarter of 2022. There can be no assurance that we will be able to bring the business to operating profitability in the near-term or at all. As of December 31, 2023 we did not hold cash and cash equivalents in an amount sufficient to finance our operations for the next twelve months. There can be no assurance that we will obtain sufficient liquidity to continue operations or initiatives or for our business. Our cash flows may be impacted by a number of factors, including changing market conditions, reduction in demand for our crops as well as operating losses that are being incurred. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in raising additional capital necessary to fund our operations in the near or long term. The failure to raise any necessary additional capital on acceptable terms, or at all, may have a material adverse effect on our future business and results of operations.

  • Accounting & Financial Operations - Risk 18
    Our relative crop yields may not be consistent with our pilot experience.

    We have undertaken a pilot programs for rice, sweet potato, and most recently alfalfa in order to understand soil quality, water and agronomy that generated substantive growth results. While our alfalfa pilot program has also generated consistent results and, along with the results of our rice and sweet potato programs, enhanced our confidence in potential alfalfa crop yields, these results may have been aberrational and there is no guarantee that they will be sustained in larger commercial practice.

  • Debt & Financing - Risk 19
    We do not currently have sufficient funds to service our operations and expenses and other liquidity needs and require additional capital immediately, and our independent registered public accountants and management have expressed substantial doubt as to our ability to continue as a going concern.

    We do not currently have sufficient funds to service our operations and our expenses and other liquidity needs and require additional capital immediately, and our independent registered public accountants and management have expressed substantial doubt as to our ability to continue as a going concern. At December 31, 2023 we had a working capital deficit of approximately $24.6 million. At December 31, 2023, we had approximately $2.8 million in cash. We received approximately $8.6 million in gross proceeds from the Closing, inclusive of proceeds from the Trust Account and funds received in connection with the Cash-Settled Equity Derivative Transaction agreement entered into with Vellar Opportunities Fund Master, Ltd. (the "CSED"). We have incurred substantial transaction expenses in connection with the Business Combination and approximately $2.0 million of transaction expenses were settled at the Closing. However, we continue to have substantial transaction expenses accrued and unpaid subsequent to the Closing. We intend to seek delays on certain payments and explore other ways of potentially reducing immediate expenses with the goal of preserving cash until any potential additional financing is secured, but these efforts may not be successful or sufficient in amount or on a timely basis to meet our ongoing capital requirements. We are in discussions with certain financing sources to attempt to secure additional interim financing, which is needed to continue operations and fund other liquidity needs. In the absence of additional sources of liquidity, management anticipates that existing cash resources will not be sufficient to meet ongoing operating and liquidity needs. However, there is no assurance that we will be able to timely secure such additional liquidity or be successful in raising additional funds or that such required funds, if available, will be available on acceptable terms or that they will not have a significant dilutive effect on our existing stockholders. In addition, we are unable to determine at this time whether any of these potential sources of liquidity will be adequate to support our operations or provide sufficient cash flows to us to meet our obligations as they become due and continue as a going concern. In the event we determine that additional sources of liquidity will not be available to us or will not allow us to meet our obligations as they become due, we may need to file a voluntary petition for relief under the United States Bankruptcy Code in order to implement a restructuring plan or liquidation. If sufficient funds are not available, we will have to delay, reduce the scope of, or eliminate some or all of our business activities, which would adversely affect our business prospects and our ability to continue our operations. In addition, we may have to liquidate our assets and may receive less than the value at which those assets are carried on our financial statements, and/or seek protection under Chapters 7 or 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. This could potentially cause us to cease operations and result in a total loss of your investment in our common stock. Our independent auditor's report on its financial statements included an explanatory paragraph that indicates that the financial statements were prepared assuming that we would continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023, we have a history of net losses incurred for the current and prior years as of December 31, 2022. We also do not have sufficient cash on hand or available liquidity to meet our obligations through the twelve months following December 31, 2023. These conditions raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. The ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon generating profitable operations in the future and/or obtaining the necessary financing to meet our obligations and repay our liabilities arising from normal business operations when they become due. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in our plans described above or in attracting equity or alternative financing on acceptable terms, or if at all. The financial statements contained elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus do not include any adjustments that might result from our inability to continue as a going concern. Because the proceeds from the Business Combination and CSED are not adequate to cover our accrued and unpaid expenses and provide the cash and liquidity necessary to operate and grow our business, we continue to seek additional financing, including debt and equity financing, and other sources of financing such as senior convertible notes and other sources of capital, including with related parties. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the future sale of equity or debt, the ownership interest of our stockholders will be diluted. The terms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect the rights of our existing common stockholders. If we seek additional financing to fund our business activities in the future and there remains substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, investors or other financing sources may be unwilling to provide additional funding to us on commercially reasonable terms or at all. Further, the perception that we may be unable to continue as a going concern may impede our ability to pursue any potential strategic opportunities or operate our business due to concerns regarding our ability to discharge our contractual obligations. Any additional fundraising efforts may divert our management from their day-to-day activities, which may adversely affect our ability to develop further hectarage for production. In addition, our ability to raise necessary financing could be impacted by macro-economic conditions, such as an inflationary period or economic slowdown, and market impacts as a result of geopolitical events, including relating to Russia's invasion of Ukraine and the State of Israel's war against Hamas. If we are unable to obtain sufficient funding on a timely basis and on acceptable terms and continue as a going concern, we may be required to significantly curtail, delay or discontinue our development programs or to otherwise reduce or discontinue our operations. If we are ultimately unable to continue as a going concern, we may have to seek the protection of bankruptcy laws or liquidate our assets and may receive less than the value at which those assets are carried on our audited financial statements, and in these circumstances, it is likely that our stockholders will lose all or a part of their investment.

  • Debt & Financing - Risk 20
    Our business may require significant capital expenditures.

    Our business is capital intensive, particularly in the redevelopment of the land and rehabilitation of water infrastructure. On an annual basis, we could spend significant sums of money for additions to, or replacement of, land, land improvements, irrigation and farming equipment. We must obtain funds for these capital projects from operations or new capital raises. We cannot provide assurance that available sources of funds will be adequate or that the cost of funds will be at levels permitting us to earn a reasonable rate of return.

  • Debt & Financing - Risk 21
    We will need, but may be unable to obtain, funding on satisfactory terms, which could dilute our stockholders and investors, or impose burdensome financial restrictions on our business.

    We have relied upon cash from financing activities and in the future, we intend to rely on revenues generated from operations to fund all of the cash requirements of our activities. Future financings may not be available on a timely basis, in sufficient amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all. Any debt financing or other financing of securities senior to the Common Stock will likely include financial and other covenants that will restrict our flexibility. Any failure to comply with these covenants may cause an event of default and acceleration of the obligation to pay the debt, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations and we could lose existing sources of funding and impair our ability to secure new sources of funding. There can be no assurance that we will be able to generate any further investor interest in our securities or other types of funding, in which case investors would likely lose the entirety of their investment.

  • Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 22
    We will incur increased costs as a result of being a public company

    As a publicly traded company, we will incur significant legal, accounting, and other expenses that AFRAG was not required to incur in the past, particularly after we are no longer an "emerging growth company." In addition, new and changing laws, regulations, and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure, including changing regulations of the SEC and Nasdaq, have created uncertainty for public companies and have increased the costs and the time that our board of directors and management must devote to compliance. Furthermore, the need to establish the corporate infrastructure demanded of a public company may divert management's attention from implementing our growth strategy, which could negatively affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

  • Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 23
    Our risk management strategies may not be effective.

    Our business is affected by fluctuations in agricultural commodity prices, transportation costs, energy prices, interest rates, and foreign currency exchange rates. We may engage in hedging transactions to manage these risks. However, our exposure may not always be fully hedged, and our hedging strategies may not be successful in minimizing our exposure to these fluctuations. In addition, our risk management strategies may seek to position our overall portfolio relative to expected market movements. While we have implemented a broad range of risk monitoring and control procedures and policies to mitigate potential losses, we may not in all cases be successful in anticipating a significant risk exposure and protecting us from losses that have the potential to impair our financial position.

  • Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 24
    We may not be able to manage our future growth effectively, which could make it difficult to execute our business strategy.

    Our expected future growth could create a strain on the organizational, administrative and operational infrastructure, including farming operations and logistics. We may not be able to maintain the quality of or expected delivery times for its products or satisfy customer demand as it grows. Our ability to manage our growth effectively will require us to continue to improve our operational, financial and management controls, as well as our reporting systems and procedures. As we grow, any failure of our controls or interruption of our facilities or systems could have a negative impact on our business and financial operations. We plan to expand into the fishery logistics and carbon offset production businesses, which will affect a broad range of business processes and functional areas. The time and resources required to implement these new systems is uncertain, and failure to complete these activities in a timely and efficient manner could adversely affect our operations. If we are unable to manage our growth effectively, it may be difficult for us to execute our business strategy and our business could be harmed.

  • Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 25
    We may be unable to successfully negotiate binding offtake agreements, which could harm our commercial prospects.

    We cannot assure you that we will be able to negotiate one or more offtake agreements or that, if such offtake agreements are completed, the terms would enable us to market our crop at a favorable margin. Although we are engaged in discussions with respect to such offtake agreements, we may fail to successfully negotiate offtake agreements in a timely manner or on favorable terms, which may force us to dedicate additional resources to sales in spot markets. Furthermore, should we remain dependent on spot market sales, our profitability will remain vulnerable to short-term fluctuations in the price and demand for alfalfa and competing substitutes. A failure to have offtake agreements in place may affect the willingness of investors to make an investment in us, which could impair our ability to raise additional capital.

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Risk Highlights Q1, 2024

Main Risk Category
Finance & Corporate
With 30 Risks
Number of Disclosed Risks
62
No changes from last report
S&P 500 Average: 32
Recent Changes
0Risks added
0Risks removed
0Risks changed
Since Mar 2024
Number of Risk Changed
0
-5
From last report
S&P 500 Average: 1

Risk Word Cloud

we rely upon irrigation systems and public water sources and a loss of access to public water sources could have detrimental effects on our ability to produce alfalfa.our ability to produce alfalfawe do not currently have sufficient funds to service our operations and expenses and other liquidity needs and require additional capital immediately, and our independent registered public accountants and management have expressed substantial doubt as to our ability to continue as a going concern.to our ability to continuewe could be subject to changes in tax rates or the adoption of new tax legislation, whether in or out of the united states, or could otherwise have exposure to additional tax liabilities, which could harm our business.exposure to additional tax liabilitieswe do not currently have sufficient funds to service our operations and expenses and other liquidity needs and require additional capital immediately, and our independent registered public accountants and management have expressed substantial doubt as to our ability to continue as a going concern.our independent registered public accountantswe do not intend to pay cash dividends for the foreseeable future.intend to pay cash dividendsinvestors may experience difficulties in effecting service of legal process, enforcing foreign judgments or bringing actions against us our management based on foreign laws.effecting service of legal processwe operate in areas subject to natural disasters and which may be adversely affected by climate change.areas subject to natural disastersour use of the 20,000 hectares located at the lft farm is subject to a 50-year land use right provided pursuant to a republic of senegal presidential decree, which subjects us to risks including early termination.republic of senegal presidential decreewe have a limited operating history on which to judge our business prospects and management.to judge our business prospectswe may fail to meet our publicly announced guidance or other expectations about our business, which would cause our stock price to decline.our stock price to decline

Risk Factors Full Breakdown - Total Risks 62

Share Price & Shareholder Rights15 | 24.2%
  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 1
    Our Charter provides for indemnification of our officers and directors at our expense, which may result in a significant cost and hurt the interests of our stockholders because corporate resources may be expended for the benefit of officers and/or directors.

    Our Charter and applicable Delaware law provide for the indemnification of our directors and officers, under certain circumstances, against any liability, action, proceeding, claim, demand, costs, damages or expenses, including legal expenses, whatsoever which they or any of them may incur as a result of any act or failure to act in carrying out their functions, other than such liability (if any) that they may incur by reason of their own actual fraud, dishonesty, willful neglect or willful default. We will also bear the expenses of such litigation for any of our directors or officers, upon such person's undertaking to repay any amounts paid, advanced, or reimbursed by us if it is ultimately determined that any such person shall not have been entitled to indemnification. This indemnification policy could result in substantial expenditures by us that we will be unable to recoup.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 2
    Our Charter designates the Delaware Court of Chancery or the United States federal district courts as the sole and exclusive forum for substantially all disputes between us and our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders' ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, stockholders, employees or agents.

    Our Charter provides that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall be the sole and exclusive forum for state law claims for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf; (ii) any action, suit or proceeding asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our current or former directors, officers or other employees, agents or stockholders to to us or to our stockholders, (iii) any action, suit or proceeding asserting a claim against us, our current or former directors, officers, employees, agents or stockholders arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or our Charter or Bylaws, or (iv) any action, suit or proceeding asserting a claim against us, our current or former directors, officers, employees, agents or stockholders governed by the internal affairs doctrine. The foregoing provisions will not apply to any claims as to which the Delaware Court of Chancery determines that there is an indispensable party not subject to the jurisdiction of such court, which is rested in the exclusive jurisdiction of a court or forum other than such court (including claims arising under the Exchange Act), or for which such court does not have subject matter jurisdiction, or to any claims arising under the Securities Act and, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the United States District Court for the District of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for resolving any action asserting a claim arising under the Securities Act. Section 22 of the Securities Act creates concurrent jurisdiction for federal and state courts over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Securities Act or the rules or regulations thereunder. Accordingly, both state and federal courts have jurisdiction to entertain such Securities Act claims. To prevent having to litigate claims in multiple jurisdictions and the threat of inconsistent or contrary rulings by different courts, among other considerations, our Charter provides that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, United States District Court for the District of Delaware shall be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act. There is uncertainty as to whether a court would enforce the forum provision with respect to claims under the federal securities laws. This choice of forum provision in the Charter may limit a stockholder's ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or any of our directors, officers, or other employees, which may discourage lawsuits with respect to such claims. There is uncertainty as to whether a court would enforce such provisions, and the enforceability of similar choice of forum provisions in other companies' charter documents has been challenged in legal proceedings. It is possible that a court could find these types of provisions to be inapplicable or unenforceable, and if a court were to find the choice of forum provision contained in the Charter to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could harm our business, results of operations and financial condition. Furthermore, investors cannot waive compliance with the federal securities laws and rules and regulations thereunder.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 3
    Delaware law and our Governing Documents contain certain provisions, including anti-takeover provisions, that limit the ability of stockholders to take certain actions and could delay or discourage takeover attempts that stockholders may consider favorable.

    Our Governing Documents, and the DGCL, contain provisions that could have the effect of rendering more difficult, delaying, or preventing an acquisition deemed undesirable by the AAGR Board and therefore depress the trading price of the Common Stock. These provisions could also make it difficult for stockholders to take certain actions, including electing directors who are not nominated by the current members of the AAGR Board or taking other corporate actions, including effecting changes in our management. Among other things, the Governing Documents include provisions regarding: - providing for a classified board of directors with staggered, three-year terms;- the ability of the AAGR Board to issue shares of preferred stock, including "blank check" preferred stock and to determine the price and other terms of those shares, including preferences and voting rights, without stockholder approval, which could be used to significantly dilute the ownership of a hostile acquirer;- our Charter prohibits cumulative voting in the election of directors, which limits the ability of minority stockholders to elect director candidates;- the limitation of the liability of, and the indemnification of, our directors and officers;- removal of the ability of our stockholders to take action by written consent in lieu of a meeting;- the requirement that a special meeting of stockholders may be called only by or at the direction of the AAGR Board, the chairperson of the AAGR Board or our chief executive officer, which could delay the ability of stockholders to force consideration of a proposal or to take action, including the removal of directors;- controlling the procedures for the conduct and scheduling of board of directors and stockholder meetings;- the ability of the AAGR Board to amend the bylaws, which may allow the AAGR Board to take additional actions to prevent an unsolicited takeover and inhibit the ability of an acquirer to amend the bylaws to facilitate an unsolicited takeover attempt; and - advance notice procedures with which stockholders must comply to nominate candidates to the AAGR Board or to propose matters to be acted upon at a stockholders' meeting, which could preclude stockholders from bringing matters before annual or special meetings of stockholders and delay changes in the AAGR Board, and also may discourage or deter a potential acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect the acquirer's own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to obtain control of AFRAG PubCo. These provisions, alone or together, could delay or prevent hostile takeovers and changes in control or changes in the AAGR Board or management.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 4
    Our business and operations could be negatively affected if we become subject to any securities litigation or stockholder activism, which could cause us to incur significant expense, hinder execution of business and growth strategy and impact our stock price.

    In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company's securities, securities class action litigation has often been brought against that company. Shareholder activism, which could take many forms or arise in a variety of situations, has been increasing recently. Volatility in the stock price of the Common Stock or other reasons may in the future cause us to become the target of securities litigation or stockholder activism. Securities litigation and stockholder activism, including potential proxy contests, could result in substantial costs and divert management's and our board of directors' attention and resources from our business. Additionally, such securities litigation and stockholder activism could give rise to perceived uncertainties as to our future, adversely affect our relationships with suppliers, service providers and customers and make it more difficult to attract and retain qualified personnel. Also, we may be required to incur significant legal fees and other expenses related to any securities litigation and activist stockholder matters. Further, our stock price could be subject to significant fluctuation or otherwise be adversely affected by the events, risks and uncertainties of any securities litigation and stockholder activism.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 5
    Investors may experience difficulties in effecting service of legal process, enforcing foreign judgments or bringing actions against us our management based on foreign laws.

    Although we are a Delaware corporation, we anticipate conducting a substantial part of our business in certain foreign jurisdictions such as the Middle East and Africa, and a significant portion of our assets are located in Africa. In addition, our officers may reside within Africa for a significant portion of the time. Countries where we operate may not have treaties providing for the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments of courts with the United States. As a result, it may not be possible for investors to serve process upon those persons, or to enforce against them, any judgments obtained from U.S. courts. As a result, it may be difficult for you to effect service of process upon us or those persons. It may also be difficult for you to enforce judgments obtained in U.S. courts based on the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws against our officers and directors who do not reside in the United States or have substantial assets located in the United States. In addition, there is uncertainty as to whether the courts in Senegal or other non-U.S. jurisdictions would recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts against us or such persons predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 6
    An active, liquid trading market for our securities may not develop, which may limit your ability to sell such securities.

    Although our Common Stock and public warrants are listed on Nasdaq under the ticker symbols "AAGR" and "AAGRW", respectively, an active trading market for such securities may never develop or be sustained. A public trading market having the desirable characteristics of depth, liquidity and orderliness depends upon the existence of willing buyers and sellers at any given time, such existence being dependent upon the individual decisions of buyers and sellers over which neither we nor any market maker has control. The failure of an active and liquid trading market to develop and continue would likely have a material adverse effect on the value of Common Stock and warrants. An inactive market may also impair our ability to raise capital to continue to fund operations.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 7
    The warrant agreement designates the courts of the State of New York or the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York as the sole and exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings that may be initiated by holders of the warrants, which could limit the ability of warrant holders to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes.

    The warrant agreement provides that, subject to applicable law, (i) any action, proceeding or claim against us arising out of or relating in any way to the warrant agreement, including under the Securities Act, will be brought and enforced in the courts of the State of New York or the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, and (ii) that we irrevocably submit to such jurisdiction, which jurisdiction shall be the exclusive forum for any such action, proceeding or claim. We will waive any objection to such exclusive jurisdiction and that such courts represent an inconvenient forum. Notwithstanding the foregoing, these provisions of the warrant agreement will not apply to suits brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the federal district courts of the United States of America are the sole and exclusive forum. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in any of the warrants shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the forum provisions in the warrant agreement. If any action, the subject matter of which is within the scope of the forum provisions of the warrant agreement, is filed in a court other than a court of the State of New York or the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (a "foreign action") in the name of any holder of warrants, such holder shall be deemed to have consented to: (x) the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located in the State of New York in connection with any action brought in any such court to enforce the forum provisions (an "enforcement action"), and (y) having service of process made upon such warrant holder in any such enforcement action by service upon such warrant holder's counsel in the foreign action as agent for such warrant holder. This choice-of-forum provision may limit a warrant holder's ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes, which may discourage such lawsuits. Alternatively, if a court were to find this provision of the warrant agreement inapplicable or unenforceable with respect to one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations and result in a diversion of the time and resources of our management and board of directors.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 8
    There can be no assurance that our public warrants will be in the money at the time they become exercisable, and they may expire worthless.

    The exercise price for the outstanding public warrants is $11.50 per share. There can be no assurance that such warrants will be in the money following the time they become exercisable and prior to their expiration, and as such, the warrants may expire worthless.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 9
    The warrants may not be exercised at all or may be exercised on a "cashless basis" under certain circumstances, and we may not receive any cash proceeds from the exercise of such warrants.

    The exercise price of the warrants may be higher than the prevailing market price of the underlying shares of common stock. The exercise price of the warrants is subject to market conditions and may not be advantageous if the prevailing market price of the underlying shares of common stock is lower than the exercise price. The cash proceeds associated with the exercise of the warrants to purchase our common stock are contingent upon our stock price. The value of our common stock will fluctuate and may not align with the exercise price of the warrants at any given time. We believe that if the warrants are "out of the money," meaning the exercise price is higher than the market price of our common stock, there is a high likelihood that warrant holders may choose not to exercise their warrants. As a result, we may not receive any proceeds from the exercise of the warrants. Furthermore, the warrant agreement provides that in the following circumstances holders of warrants who seek to exercise their warrants will not be permitted to do for cash and will, instead, be required to do so on a cashless basis in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act: (i) if the Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants are not registered under the Securities Act in accordance with the terms of the warrant agreement; (ii) if we have so elected and the Common Stock are at the time of any exercise of a warrant not listed on a national securities exchange such that they satisfy the definition of "covered securities" under Section 18(b)(1) of the Securities Act; and (iii) if we have so elected and we call the public warrants for redemption. If you exercise your public warrants on a cashless basis, you would pay the warrant exercise price by surrendering all of the warrants for that number of shares of Common Stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of shares of Common Stock underlying the warrants, multiplied by the excess of the "fair market value" of the Common Stock (as defined in the next sentence) over the exercise price of the warrants by (y) the fair market value. The "fair market value" is the average reported closing price of the Common Stock for the 10 trading days ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the notice of redemption is sent to the holders of the warrants. As a result, you would receive fewer shares of Common Stock from such exercise than if you were to exercise such warrants for cash.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 10
    We may redeem a warrant holder's unexpired warrants prior to their exercise at a time that may be disadvantageous to such warrant holder, thereby making its warrants worthless.

    We have the ability to redeem outstanding public warrants at any time after they become exercisable and prior to their expiration, at a price of $0.01 per warrant, provided that the last reported sales price of Common Stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock capitalizations, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like for certain issuances of public shares and equity-linked securities for capital raising purposes in connection with the closing of its initial business combination) for any 20 trading days within a 30 trading-day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date we send the notice of redemption to the warrant holders. If and when the warrants become redeemable, we may exercise our redemption right even if we are unable to register or qualify the underlying securities for sale under all applicable state securities laws. Redemption of the outstanding warrants could force a warrant holder to: (i) exercise its warrants and pay the exercise price at a time when it may be disadvantageous for such warrant holder to do so; (ii) sell its warrants at the then-current market price when a warrant holder might otherwise wish to hold its warrants; or (iii) accept the nominal redemption price which, at the time the outstanding warrants are called for redemption, is likely to be substantially less than the market value of a warrant holder's warrants. The value received upon exercise of the warrants (1) may be less than the value the holders would have received if they had exercised their warrants at a later time where the underlying share price is higher and (2) may not compensate the holders for the value of the warrants. None of the private placement warrants will be redeemable, subject to certain circumstances, so long as they are held by their initial purchasers or their permitted transferees.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 11
    The terms of the warrants may be amended in a manner adverse to a holder if holders of at least 50% of the then outstanding public warrants approve of such amendment.

    The public warrants were issued in registered form under a warrant agreement between us and Continental, as warrant agent. The warrant agreement provides that the terms of the warrants may be amended without the consent of any holder to cure any ambiguity or correct any defective provision or correct any mistake, but requires the approval by the holders of at least 50% of the then-outstanding public warrants to make any change that adversely affects the interests of the registered holders of public warrants. Accordingly, we may amend the terms of the public warrants in a manner adverse to a holder if holders of at least 50% of the then-outstanding public warrants approve of such amendment. Although our ability to amend the terms of the public warrants with the consent of at least 50% of the then-outstanding public warrants is unlimited, examples of such amendments could be amendments to, among other things, increase the exercise price of the warrants, convert the warrants into cash, shorten the exercise period or decrease the number of shares of Common Stock purchasable upon exercise of a warrant.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 12
    Warrants will become exercisable for Common Stock, which, if exercised, would increase the number of shares eligible for future resale in the public market and result in dilution to its shareholders.

    Outstanding warrants to purchase an aggregate of 6,911,100 shares of Common Stock will become exercisable in accordance with the terms of the warrant agreement. These warrants will become exercisable 30 days after Closing. The exercise price of these warrants is $11.50 per share. To the extent such warrants are exercised, additional shares of Common Stock will be issued, which will result in dilution to the holders of Common Stock and increase the number of shares eligible for resale in the public market. Sales of substantial numbers of such shares in the public market or the fact that such warrants may be exercised could adversely affect the prevailing market prices of Common Stock. However, there is no guarantee that the public warrants will ever be in the money prior to their expiration, and as such, the warrants may expire worthless.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 13
    Our directors, executive officers and principal stockholders have substantial control over the company, which could limit our ability to influence the outcome of key transactions, including a change of control.

    Our executive officers, directors and principal stockholders and their affiliates own 42,741,705 shares of Common Stock, or approximately 75.9% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock. As a result, these stockholders will be able to exercise a significant level of control over all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors and the approval of mergers, acquisitions or other extraordinary transactions. They may also have interests that differ from yours and may vote in a way with which you disagree and which may be adverse to our interests. This concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying, preventing or deterring a change of control, could deprive our stockholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their common stock as part of a sale and might ultimately affect the market price of our Common Stock.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 14
    We are an emerging growth company and a smaller reporting company within the meaning of the Securities Act, and if we take advantage of certain exemptions from disclosure requirements available to "emerging growth companies" or "smaller reporting companies," this could make our securities less attractive to investors and may make it more difficult to compare its performance with other public companies.

    We are an "emerging growth company" within the meaning of the Securities Act, as modified by the JOBS Act, and may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not "emerging growth companies" including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. As a result, our shareholders may not have access to certain information they may deem important. We could be an emerging growth company for up to five years, although circumstances could cause us to lose that status earlier, including if the market value of the Common Stock held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of any June 30 before that time, in which case we would no longer be an emerging growth company as of the following December 31. We cannot predict whether investors will find our securities less attractive because we will rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our securities less attractive as a result of its reliance on these exemptions, the trading prices of its securities may be lower than they otherwise would be, there may be a less active trading market for our securities and the trading prices of our securities may be more volatile. Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such an election to opt out is irrevocable. We have elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, as an emerging growth company, we can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of our financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used. Additionally, we are a "smaller reporting company" as defined in Item 10(f)(1) of Regulation S-K. Smaller reporting companies may take advantage of certain reduced disclosure obligations, including, among other things, providing only two years of audited financial statements. We will remain a smaller reporting company until the last day of the fiscal year in which (i) the market value of the Common Stock held by non-affiliates exceeds $250 million as of the prior June 30, or (ii) our annual revenues exceeded $100 million during such completed fiscal year and the market value of the Common Stock held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the prior June 30. To the extent we take advantage of such reduced disclosure obligations, we may also make comparison of our financial statements with other public companies difficult or impossible.

  • Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 15
    We may issue additional shares of Common Stock or other equity securities without your approval, which would dilute your ownership interests and may depress the market price of your shares.

    We may issue additional shares of Common Stock or other equity securities of equal or senior rank in the future in connection with, among other things, future farm acreage development, future acquisitions, repayment of outstanding indebtedness or under the African Agriculture Holdings Inc. 2023 Incentive Plan, without stockholder approval, in a number of circumstances. The issuance of additional shares of Common Stock or other equity securities of equal or senior rank could have the following effects: - your proportionate ownership interest will decrease;- the relative voting strength of each previously outstanding share of Common Stock may be diminished; or - the market price of your shares of Common Stock may decline.

See a full breakdown of risk according to category and subcategory. The list starts with the category with the most risk. Click on subcategories to read relevant extracts from the most recent report.

FAQ

What are “Risk Factors”?
Risk factors are any situations or occurrences that could make investing in a company risky. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requires that publicly traded companies disclose their most significant risk factors. This is so that potential investors can consider any risks before they make an investment. They also offer companies protection, as a company can use risk factors as liability protection. This could happen if a company underperforms and investors take legal action as a result. It is worth noting that smaller companies, that is those with a public float of under $75 million on the last business day, do not have to include risk factors in their 10-K and 10-Q forms, although some may choose to do so.
How do companies disclose their risk factors?
Publicly traded companies initially disclose their risk factors to the SEC through their S-1 filings as part of the IPO process. Additionally, companies must provide a complete list of risk factors in their Annual Reports (Form 10-K) or (Form 20-F) for “foreign private issuers”. Quarterly Reports also include a section on risk factors (Form 10-Q) where companies are only required to update any changes since the previous report. According to the SEC, risk factors should be reported concisely, logically and in “plain English” so investors can understand them.
How can I use TipRanks risk factors in my stock research?
Use the Risk Factors tab to get data about the risk factors of any company in which you are considering investing. You can easily see the most significant risks a company is facing. Additionally, you can find out which risk factors a company has added, removed or adjusted since its previous disclosure. You can also see how a company’s risk factors compare to others in its sector. Without reading company reports or participating in conference calls, you would most likely not have access to this sort of information, which is usually not included in press releases or other public announcements. A simplified analysis of risk factors is unique to TipRanks.
What are all the risk factor categories?
TipRanks has identified 6 major categories of risk factors and a number of subcategories for each. You can see how these categories are broken down in the list below. 1. Financial & Corporate Accounting & Financial Operations - risks related to accounting loss, value of intangible assets, financial statements, value of intangible assets, financial reporting, estimates, guidance, company profitability, dividends, fluctuating results. Share Price & Shareholder Rights – risks related to things that impact share prices and the rights of shareholders, including analyst ratings, major shareholder activity, trade volatility, liquidity of shares, anti-takeover provisions, international listing, dual listing. Debt & Financing – risks related to debt, funding, financing and interest rates, financial investments. Corporate Activity and Growth – risks related to restructuring, M&As, joint ventures, execution of corporate strategy, strategic alliances. 2. Legal & Regulatory Litigation and Legal Liabilities – risks related to litigation/ lawsuits against the company. Regulation – risks related to compliance, GDPR, and new legislation. Environmental / Social – risks related to environmental regulation and to data privacy. Taxation & Government Incentives – risks related to taxation and changes in government incentives. 3. Production Costs – risks related to costs of production including commodity prices, future contracts, inventory. Supply Chain – risks related to the company’s suppliers. Manufacturing – risks related to the company’s manufacturing process including product quality and product recalls. Human Capital – risks related to recruitment, training and retention of key employees, employee relationships & unions labor disputes, pension, and post retirement benefits, medical, health and welfare benefits, employee misconduct, employee litigation. 4. Technology & Innovation Innovation / R&D – risks related to innovation and new product development. Technology – risks related to the company’s reliance on technology. Cyber Security – risks related to securing the company’s digital assets and from cyber attacks. Trade Secrets & Patents – risks related to the company’s ability to protect its intellectual property and to infringement claims against the company as well as piracy and unlicensed copying. 5. Ability to Sell Demand – risks related to the demand of the company’s goods and services including seasonality, reliance on key customers. Competition – risks related to the company’s competition including substitutes. Sales & Marketing – risks related to sales, marketing, and distribution channels, pricing, and market penetration. Brand & Reputation – risks related to the company’s brand and reputation. 6. Macro & Political Economy & Political Environment – risks related to changes in economic and political conditions. Natural and Human Disruptions – risks related to catastrophes, floods, storms, terror, earthquakes, coronavirus pandemic/COVID-19. International Operations – risks related to the global nature of the company. Capital Markets – risks related to exchange rates and trade, cryptocurrency.