PLAYSTUDIOS (7E30) Risk Analysis
Risk Overview Q2, 2026
Source: the company's latest filing for the period ended Jun 30, 2026, filed Aug 11, 2026
Risk Change Over Time
- Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 1If we fail to regain and maintain compliance with Nasdaq's continued listing requirements, our Class A common stock could be delisted, which could materially adversely affect the market price and liquidity of our Class A common stock.
Our Class A common stock is currently listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, which requires us to satisfy certain continued listing standards, including a minimum bid price of $1.00 per share. On November 5, 2025, we received a notice from the Listing Qualifications Department of Nasdaq indicating that we were not in compliance with the minimum bid price requirement under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) because the closing bid price of our Class A common stock had been below $1.00 per share for 30 consecutive business days. Following our transfer to the Nasdaq Capital Market on May 6, 2026, Nasdaq granted us an additional 180-calendar-day compliance period, expiring on November 2, 2026, to regain compliance with the minimum bid price requirement. To regain compliance, the closing bid price of our Class A common stock must equal or exceed $1.00 per share for a minimum of ten consecutive business days on or before November 2, 2026. At our 2026 Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on July 10, 2026, our stockholders approved an amendment to our Certificate of Incorporation authorizing our Board of Directors, in its discretion, to effect a reverse stock split of our outstanding Class A common stock and Class B common stock at a ratio ranging from 1-for-10 to 1-for-30 at any time within 12 months following the annual meeting, without further stockholder approval. Our Board is not required to implement a reverse stock split, and there can be no assurance that it will do so or that, if implemented, a reverse stock split would enable us to regain or maintain compliance with Nasdaq's continued listing requirements. If we do not regain compliance with the minimum bid price requirement by November 2, 2026, or otherwise fail to satisfy the conditions of Nasdaq's extension, Nasdaq staff would issue a notice that our securities are subject to delisting. Although we would have the right to appeal such determination to a Nasdaq Hearings Panel, there can be no assurance that any such appeal would be successful. Even if a reverse stock split is implemented and enables us to regain compliance with the minimum bid price requirement, there can be no assurance that the market price of our Class A common stock will remain at or above the required level or that we will continue to satisfy Nasdaq's other continued listing requirements. If our Class A common stock is delisted from Nasdaq, it would likely result in a significant decline in the market price of our Class A common stock, substantially reduce its liquidity, and impair investors' ability to buy or sell our shares. Delisting could also negatively affect our ability to raise additional capital, limit analyst coverage of our company, reduce our visibility in the public markets, and cause certain institutional investors or stockholders to reduce or eliminate their holdings of our securities. If we were unable to list our securities on another national securities exchange, our securities could instead be quoted on an over-the-counter market, where trading could become more limited, less efficient, and more volatile. In addition, our Class A common stock could be deemed a "penny stock" under applicable SEC rules, which would subject broker-dealers to more stringent regulatory requirements and could further reduce trading activity, market liquidity, and investor interest. Any of these events could materially adversely affect the market price of our securities and the ability of investors to realize value from their investment.
- Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 2The price of our Class A common stock may be volatile.
The price of our Class A common stock may fluctuate due to a variety of factors, including: - changes in the industries in which we and our vendors operate;- developments involving our competitors;- changes in laws and regulations affecting our business;- variations in our operating performance and the performance of our competitors in general;- actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly or annual operating results;- publication of research reports by securities analysts about us or our competitors or our industry;- the public's reaction to our press releases, our other public announcements, and our filings with the SEC;- additions and departures of key personnel;- commencement of, or involvement in, litigation against us;- changes in our capital structure, such as future issuances of securities or the incurrence of additional debt;- the volume of shares of our Class A common stock available for public sale; and - geopolitical instability, including armed conflicts, terrorism, trade disputes, sanctions, or other international events that disrupt global financial markets or adversely affect economic conditions. These market and industry factors may materially reduce the market price of our Class A common stock regardless of our operating performance. Our relatively limited analyst coverage, trading volume and public float may also contribute to volatility in the trading price of our Class A common stock. Fluctuations in the trading price of our securities could contribute to the loss of all or part of an investment in our securities. Our securities may trade at prices significantly below the price paid by investors, and the market price may not recover or may experience further declines, regardless of our operating performance. These market and industry factors may materially and adversely affect the market price or trading volume of our Class A common stock regardless of our operating performance.
- Debt & Financing - Risk 3We may require additional capital to support our business and growth strategy, and we may be unable to obtain such capital on acceptable terms, or at all.
We intend to continue making significant investments to support our business and growth strategy. These investments may require additional capital to fund our operations, execute our growth strategy, and respond to business challenges, including by developing new games and features, enhancing existing games, improving our operating infrastructure, or acquiring complementary businesses, personnel, or technologies. Accordingly, we may need to engage in equity or debt financings to obtain additional capital. To the extent we enter into future debt arrangements, their terms may limit our ability to incur additional indebtedness or engage in certain financing transactions. If we raise additional funds through future issuances of equity or convertible debt securities, our existing stockholders could suffer significant dilution, and any new equity securities we issue could have rights, preferences and privileges superior to those of holders of our Class A common stock. Any future debt financing could require us to grant security interests in our assets or agree to restrictive covenants governing our financing activities and other financial and operational matters, which may make it more difficult for us to obtain capital and to pursue business opportunities, including potential acquisitions. Additionally, market conditions, including inflation, changes in interest rates, geopolitical developments, volatility in the capital markets, or disruptions in the banking sector, could adversely affect our ability to obtain financing, and if we seek to raise additional capital or incur indebtedness, there can be no assurance that debt or equity financing would be available to us on favorable terms, or at all. If we are unable to obtain adequate financing, or financing on terms satisfactory to us, when needed, our ability to fund our operations, execute our growth strategy, pursue acquisitions and other strategic opportunities, and respond to business challenges could be significantly impaired, and our business, financial condition, or results of operations may be harmed.
- Corporate Activity and Growth - Risk 4We may pursue strategic transactions, including acquisitions, investments, joint ventures, divestitures, or other portfolio optimization initiatives, which involve numerous risks and uncertainties.
From time to time, we evaluate strategic transactions, including acquisitions, investments, joint ventures, divestitures, business combinations, dispositions of assets or businesses, and other portfolio optimization initiatives. Many of these processes do not result in completed transactions and may require substantial management time and professional fees without resulting in a completed transaction. We have previously completed strategic transactions, including the acquisitions of Brainium and Pixode and the acquisition of the license rights for Tetris-branded mobile games, and we expect to continue evaluating strategic opportunities in the United States and internationally. Strategic transactions may require significant management attention, involve complex operational, legal, financial, accounting and regulatory considerations, and divert resources from our core business. If we are unable to realize the anticipated benefits of any strategic transaction, or if we encounter unexpected difficulties in completing, integrating, operating, separating or otherwise managing such transactions, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. Challenges and risks from such acquisitions, investments, and joint ventures include: - our ability to identify, compete effectively for, or complete suitable acquisitions and investments at prices we consider attractive;- our ability to estimate accurately the financial effect of acquisitions and investments on our business, including anticipated synergies and the impact on our results of operations;- acquired products, technologies or capabilities, particularly those still in development when acquired, may not perform as expected, may contain defects or may not be successfully integrated into our business;- acquired entities or joint ventures may not achieve expected business growth or operate profitably, and we may be unable to recover our investment;- our assumption of legal or regulatory risks, particularly with respect to businesses that have less mature compliance programs, or litigation involving acquired companies, including claims by former employees, players, stockholders or other third parties;- disruption to our existing business initiatives and strategies;- diversion of management attention;- substantial internal and external costs associated with evaluating transactions that are not completed, including legal, accounting, financial advisory and diligence expenses, without any corresponding operational or financial benefit;- declining employee morale and retention issues;- difficulties integrating operations, systems, technologies, products and personnel;- overpayment for acquisitions and potential impairment of goodwill or intangible assets;- difficulties in evaluating and utilizing acquired products, technology or personnel;- the use of significant cash resources, the incurrence of indebtedness or the issuance of equity securities, which could increase our financial obligations, subject us to restrictive covenants or dilute existing stockholders;- the need to implement controls, procedures and policies appropriate for a U.S. public company at acquired businesses;- complexities associated with forecasting and accounting for acquisition transactions;- contingent consideration obligations that may exceed initial estimates or become payable when we have limited available cash;- significant legal, accounting and other professional fees;- purchase accounting adjustments, including write-offs of deferred revenue;- risks associated with international operations and foreign acquisitions;- the potential loss of, or harm to, relationships with employees, players, rewards partners, licensors and other suppliers;- our reliance on the accuracy and completeness of information provided by acquisition targets during due diligence;- liabilities arising from pre-acquisition conduct of acquired businesses, including intellectual property claims, cybersecurity incidents, regulatory violations, tax liabilities and other known or unknown liabilities; and - our inability to effectively influence the operations of joint ventures or exposure to liabilities arising from the actions of our joint venture partners. If we divest businesses or other assets, such transactions may be complex to execute, may take longer than anticipated, may not be completed on favorable terms or at all, and may disrupt our operations by reducing economies of scale, eliminating shared services or technology platforms, reducing revenue streams, or resulting in stranded costs or other dis-synergies. Divestitures may also require us to provide transition services, indemnification, guarantees or other continuing financial or operational support following closing, and may result in accounting charges, including impairment losses, restructuring charges or discontinued operations accounting, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and the comparability of our financial results between reporting periods. Strategic transactions may not be completed despite significant expenditures of management time and transaction costs, and unsuccessful transaction processes may divert management's attention, disrupt our business, adversely affect relationships with employees, players, licensors, suppliers or other business partners, or damage our reputation. The anticipated benefits of any acquisition, investment, joint venture or divestiture may take longer than expected to realize or may never be achieved. Our ability to pursue strategic transactions will depend on the availability of suitable opportunities, our ability to negotiate acceptable terms, the availability of financing where applicable, regulatory and contractual approvals, and other factors beyond our control. Strategic transactions may also result in the use of significant cash resources, the incurrence of indebtedness, the issuance of equity securities, contingent liabilities, integration or separation costs, amortization or impairment of goodwill or intangible assets, restructuring charges or other accounting impacts, any of which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and the value of our securities.
Risk Highlights Q2, 2026
Risk Word Cloud
Risk Factors Full Breakdown - Total Risks 65
- Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 1ChangedIf we fail to regain and maintain compliance with Nasdaq's continued listing requirements, our Class A common stock could be delisted, which could materially adversely affect the market price and liquidity of our Class A common stock.
Our Class A common stock is currently listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, which requires us to satisfy certain continued listing standards, including a minimum bid price of $1.00 per share. On November 5, 2025, we received a notice from the Listing Qualifications Department of Nasdaq indicating that we were not in compliance with the minimum bid price requirement under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) because the closing bid price of our Class A common stock had been below $1.00 per share for 30 consecutive business days. Following our transfer to the Nasdaq Capital Market on May 6, 2026, Nasdaq granted us an additional 180-calendar-day compliance period, expiring on November 2, 2026, to regain compliance with the minimum bid price requirement. To regain compliance, the closing bid price of our Class A common stock must equal or exceed $1.00 per share for a minimum of ten consecutive business days on or before November 2, 2026. At our 2026 Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on July 10, 2026, our stockholders approved an amendment to our Certificate of Incorporation authorizing our Board of Directors, in its discretion, to effect a reverse stock split of our outstanding Class A common stock and Class B common stock at a ratio ranging from 1-for-10 to 1-for-30 at any time within 12 months following the annual meeting, without further stockholder approval. Our Board is not required to implement a reverse stock split, and there can be no assurance that it will do so or that, if implemented, a reverse stock split would enable us to regain or maintain compliance with Nasdaq's continued listing requirements. If we do not regain compliance with the minimum bid price requirement by November 2, 2026, or otherwise fail to satisfy the conditions of Nasdaq's extension, Nasdaq staff would issue a notice that our securities are subject to delisting. Although we would have the right to appeal such determination to a Nasdaq Hearings Panel, there can be no assurance that any such appeal would be successful. Even if a reverse stock split is implemented and enables us to regain compliance with the minimum bid price requirement, there can be no assurance that the market price of our Class A common stock will remain at or above the required level or that we will continue to satisfy Nasdaq's other continued listing requirements. If our Class A common stock is delisted from Nasdaq, it would likely result in a significant decline in the market price of our Class A common stock, substantially reduce its liquidity, and impair investors' ability to buy or sell our shares. Delisting could also negatively affect our ability to raise additional capital, limit analyst coverage of our company, reduce our visibility in the public markets, and cause certain institutional investors or stockholders to reduce or eliminate their holdings of our securities. If we were unable to list our securities on another national securities exchange, our securities could instead be quoted on an over-the-counter market, where trading could become more limited, less efficient, and more volatile. In addition, our Class A common stock could be deemed a "penny stock" under applicable SEC rules, which would subject broker-dealers to more stringent regulatory requirements and could further reduce trading activity, market liquidity, and investor interest. Any of these events could materially adversely affect the market price of our securities and the ability of investors to realize value from their investment.
- Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 2ChangedThe price of our Class A common stock may be volatile.
The price of our Class A common stock may fluctuate due to a variety of factors, including: - changes in the industries in which we and our vendors operate;- developments involving our competitors;- changes in laws and regulations affecting our business;- variations in our operating performance and the performance of our competitors in general;- actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly or annual operating results;- publication of research reports by securities analysts about us or our competitors or our industry;- the public's reaction to our press releases, our other public announcements, and our filings with the SEC;- additions and departures of key personnel;- commencement of, or involvement in, litigation against us;- changes in our capital structure, such as future issuances of securities or the incurrence of additional debt;- the volume of shares of our Class A common stock available for public sale; and - geopolitical instability, including armed conflicts, terrorism, trade disputes, sanctions, or other international events that disrupt global financial markets or adversely affect economic conditions. These market and industry factors may materially reduce the market price of our Class A common stock regardless of our operating performance. Our relatively limited analyst coverage, trading volume and public float may also contribute to volatility in the trading price of our Class A common stock. Fluctuations in the trading price of our securities could contribute to the loss of all or part of an investment in our securities. Our securities may trade at prices significantly below the price paid by investors, and the market price may not recover or may experience further declines, regardless of our operating performance. These market and industry factors may materially and adversely affect the market price or trading volume of our Class A common stock regardless of our operating performance.
- Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 3Securities analysts may not publish favorable research or reports about our business or may publish no information at all, or may provide limited or inconsistent coverage, which could cause our stock price or trading volume to decline.
Our stock price and trading volume may be heavily influenced by the way analysts and investors interpret our financial information and other disclosures. We currently have limited analyst coverage, and there can be no assurance that additional analysts will initiate coverage of our company. If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, delay publishing reports about our business, or publish negative reports about our business, regardless of accuracy, the trading price and trading volume of our Class A common stock could decline. The trading market for shares of our Class A common stock is influenced in part by research and reports that industry or financial analysts publish about us and our business. We do not control these analysts. The analysts who publish information about us may have limited experience covering our company or our industry, which could affect their ability to accurately forecast our results and which could increase the likelihood that our reported results differ from their estimates. In the event we obtain securities or industry analyst coverage, if any of the analysts who cover us provide inaccurate or unfavorable research or issue an adverse opinion regarding our stock price, the trading price of our Class A common stock could decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of us or fail to publish reports covering us regularly, we could lose visibility in the market, which in turn could reduce investor awareness of, or liquidity in, our stock and cause our stock price or trading volume to decline. Even if we are actively covered by analysts, we do not control the assumptions, models or metrics that analysts or investors may rely upon to forecast our future results. Overreliance by analysts or investors on any particular metric or assumptions may result in forecasts that differ significantly from our internal expectations, which could contribute to stock price volatility following earnings announcements or other disclosures.
- Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 4We qualify as a smaller reporting company and are subject to accelerated filer requirements, which may affect investor perceptions and increase our compliance costs.
We qualify as a "smaller reporting company" as defined under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. As a smaller reporting company, we are eligible to take advantage of certain reduced disclosure requirements applicable to public companies, including scaled disclosure in our annual and quarterly reports and reduced disclosure regarding executive compensation and certain other information in our proxy statements. As a result, our stockholders may not have access to the same level of information that is available to stockholders of companies that do not qualify as smaller reporting companies, which may make our securities less attractive to investors, potentially resulting in increased stock price volatility or reduced trading liquidity, and may make it more difficult to compare our performance to that of other public companies. Although we ceased to qualify as an "emerging growth company" as of December 31, 2025, we remain subject to the reporting and compliance requirements applicable to accelerated filers. As an accelerated filer, we are required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which requires our independent registered public accounting firm to attest to and report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Compliance with these requirements increases our costs, requires significant management time and attention, and places additional demands on our internal control environment. Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. However, internal controls can only provide reasonable assurance and may not prevent or detect all errors or misstatements. If we are unable to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, or if one or more material weaknesses are identified in the future, management may be unable to conclude that our internal controls are effective, and our independent registered public accounting firm may be unable to issue an unqualified attestation report. Any such circumstances could result in material misstatements in our financial statements, subject us to regulatory scrutiny, damage investor confidence, and adversely affect the trading price of our Class A common stock. In addition, if our public float, revenues, or other circumstances change such that we no longer qualify as a smaller reporting company or our filer status otherwise changes under SEC rules, the scope and nature of our disclosure, reporting, and compliance obligations could change. Any such changes could further increase our compliance costs, affect investor perceptions, and impact the comparability of our financial statements to those of other public companies.
- Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 5Because we are a "controlled company" within the meaning of the Nasdaq rules, our stockholders may not have certain corporate governance protections that are available to stockholders of companies that are not controlled companies.
So long as more than 50% of the voting power for the election of directors is held by a group, we qualify as a "controlled company" within the meaning of the Nasdaq corporate governance standards. As of December 31, 2025, the Founder Group controlled more than 70% of the combined voting power of our outstanding capital stock. As a result, the Founder Group has the ability to control the outcome of matters submitted to our stockholders for approval, including the election of directors, amendments to our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, and the approval of significant corporate transactions. Accordingly, we are a "controlled company" within the meaning of the Nasdaq corporate governance standards and are not subject to the requirements that would otherwise require us to have: (i) a majority of independent directors; (ii) a nominating committee comprised solely of independent directors; (iii) compensation of our executive officers determined by a majority of the independent directors or a compensation committee comprised solely of independent directors; and (iv) director nominees selected, or recommended for the Board of Directors selection, either by a majority of the independent directors or a nominating committee comprised solely of independent directors. As of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we do not rely on any of these exemptions. However, we may elect to rely on one or more of these exemptions in the future, in which case our stockholders may not have the same corporate governance protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to all of these requirements. The Founder Group's ownership interest could be diluted as a result of future equity issuances or sales of shares of our Class B common stock, which could cause us to cease to qualify as a "controlled company" under the Nasdaq listing rules. If we cease to qualify as a controlled company, we would be required to comply with the applicable Nasdaq corporate governance requirements within the prescribed transition periods.
- Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 6The dual class structure of our common stock has the effect of concentrating voting power with Andrew Pascal, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, which limits investors' ability to influence the outcome of important matters, including a change in control.
Shares of our Class B common stock are entitled to twenty (20) votes per share, while shares of our Class A common stock are entitled to one (1) vote per share. Mr. Pascal and his affiliated entities included in the Founder Group hold all of the issued and outstanding shares of our Class B common stock. Accordingly, as of December 31, 2025, the Founder Group, including Mr. Pascal, beneficially owned or controlled more than 70% of the combined voting power of our outstanding common stock and has the ability to control the outcome of matters submitted to our stockholders for approval, including the election of directors, amendments to our organizational documents, and approval of any merger, consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of our assets, or other significant corporate transactions. Mr. Pascal may have interests that differ from those of other stockholders and may vote in a manner that other stockholders to not support or that may be adverse to their interests. This concentrated control may have the effect of discouraging, delaying, preventing, or deterring a merger, acquisition, or other change in control of our company that other stockholders may consider favorable, may deprive stockholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their capital stock as part of a sale of our company, and may adversely affect the market price, liquidity or valuation of shares of our Class A common stock.
- Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 7We cannot predict the impact our dual class structure may have on the stock price of our Class A common stock.
We cannot predict whether our dual class structure will result in a lower or more volatile market price of our Class A common stock, reduced liquidity, negative publicity, or other adverse consequences. Certain index providers have adopted policies that restrict or prohibit the inclusion of companies with multiple-class share structures in certain of their indexes. Under these policies, our dual class capital structure may make us ineligible for inclusion in certain indices, and mutual funds, exchange-traded funds, and other investment vehicles that seek to track those indices may be precluded from investing in our stock. These policies may reduce demand for our Class A common stock relative to comparable companies that are included in such indices and could adversely affect the market price, trading volume, or valuation of our Class A common stock.
- Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 8We may issue preferred stock or additional common stock, including under the 2021 Plan and 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Any such issuances would dilute the interest of our stockholders and likely present other risks.
We may issue shares of preferred stock (which may be convertible into a substantial number of shares of common stock) or additional shares of common stock, including under the 2021 Plan and 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Any such issuances of shares of preferred stock or additional shares of common stock: - may significantly dilute the equity interests of our stockholders;- may subordinate the rights of holders of common stock if preferred stock is issued with rights senior to those afforded our common stock;- could cause a change in control if a substantial number of shares of our common stock are issued, which may affect, among other things, our ability to use our net operating loss carry forwards, if any, and could result in the resignation or removal of our present officers and directors; and - may adversely affect prevailing market prices for our Class A common stock.
- Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 9Delaware law and our organizational documents contain certain provisions, including anti-takeover provisions, that limit the ability of stockholders to take certain actions and could delay or discourage takeover attempts that stockholders may consider favorable.
Our organizational documents, and the Delaware General Corporation Law ("DGCL"), contain provisions that could have the effect of rendering more difficult, delaying or preventing an acquisition that stockholders may consider favorable, including transactions in which stockholders might otherwise receive a premium for their shares. These provisions could also limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our Class A common stock, and therefore depress the trading price of our Class A common stock. These provisions could also make it difficult for stockholders to take certain actions, including electing directors who are not nominated by the current members of the Board of Directors or taking other corporate actions, including effecting changes in our management. Among other things, the organizational documents include provisions regarding: - the ability of the Board of Directors to issue shares of preferred stock, including "blank check" preferred stock and to determine the price and other terms of those shares, including preferences and voting rights, without stockholder approval, which could be used to significantly dilute the ownership of a hostile acquirer;- the Certificate of Incorporation prohibits cumulative voting in the election of directors, which limits the ability of minority stockholders to elect director candidates;- the limitation of the liability of, and the indemnification of, our directors and officers;- the ability of the Board of Directors to amend the Bylaws, which may allow the Board of Directors to take additional actions to prevent an unsolicited takeover and inhibit the ability of an acquirer to amend the Bylaws to facilitate an unsolicited takeover attempt;- advance notice procedures with which stockholders must comply to nominate candidates to the Board of Directors or to propose matters to be acted upon at a stockholders' meeting, which could preclude stockholders from bringing matters before annual or special meetings of stockholders and delay changes in the Board of Directors and also may discourage or deter a potential acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect the acquirer's own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to obtain control of our company;- supermajority voting requirements to amend certain provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws;- limitations on the ability of stockholders to call special meetings of stockholders; and - restrictions on stockholder action by written consent following the Voting Threshold Date (as defined in our Certificate of Incorporation). These provisions, individually or collectively, could delay, discourage, or prevent a change in control of the Company, even if such a transaction might otherwise benefit our stockholders. In addition, we are subject to Section 203 of the DGCL, which, subject to certain exceptions, restricts business combinations between a Delaware corporation and an "interested stockholder" for a period of three years following the date such stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. This provision may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control transaction.
- Share Price & Shareholder Rights - Risk 10The provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation requiring exclusive forum in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware for certain types of lawsuits may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against our directors and officers.
Our Certificate of Incorporation provides that, to the fullest extent permitted by law, and unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, in the event the Chancery Court does not have jurisdiction, the federal district court for the District of Delaware or other state courts of the State of Delaware)will be the sole and exclusive forum for: (i) any derivative action, suit, or proceeding brought on our behalf; (ii) any action, suit, or proceeding asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers, or stockholders to us or our stockholders; (iii) any action, suit, or proceeding arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or our Bylaws or our Certificate of Incorporation (as either may be amended from time to time); (iv) any action, suit, or proceeding as to which the DGCL confers jurisdiction on the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware; or (v) any action, suit, or proceeding asserting a claim against us or any of our current or former directors, officers, or stockholders governed by the internal affairs doctrine. Notwithstanding the foregoing, our Certificate of Incorporation provides that the exclusive forum provision will not apply to suits brought to enforce a duty or liability created by the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. Although Section 22 of the Securities Act provides for concurrent jurisdiction in state and federal courts for Securities Act claims, our Certificate of Incorporation includes a federal forum provision designating the U.S. federal district courts as the exclusive forum for Securities Act claims to the fullest extent permitted by law. Similarly, Section 27 of the Exchange Act creates exclusive federal jurisdiction over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. The organizational documents also provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the U.S. federal district courts shall be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act. These provisions may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against our directors and officers. These provisions may also limit a stockholder's ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that the stockholder finds favorable or convenient, may increase the costs associated with pursuing such claims, and may result in less favorable outcomes for stockholders than if such claims were heard in a different forum. The enforceability of similar choice of forum provisions in other companies' organizational documents has been challenged in legal proceedings. While the Delaware courts have upheld certain such provisions, it is possible that, in connection with any applicable action brought against us, a court could determine that our forum selection provisions are inapplicable or unenforceable, in whole or in part. If a court were to find our forum selection provisions unenforceable, we could incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
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