Researchers at tech giant IBM (IBM) have developed a new quantum algorithm that shows a notable speed advantage over the best classical methods, thanks to a deep link between quantum mechanics and a branch of mathematics called group theory. While still theoretical, the algorithm provides a fresh framework for building more powerful quantum tools by focusing on Kronecker coefficients. These are numbers that measure how often a certain pattern appears when combining two sets of symmetric rules.
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These coefficients are important in both physics and mathematics, but extremely hard to compute using regular computers. The IBM team believed that this problem fit a new category they called QXC, short for “quantum approximate counting,” where quantum computers can estimate how many valid solutions exist. By using a version of phase estimation (a quantum algorithm that helps find hidden values linked to how a quantum system behaves), the researchers designed an algorithm that can handle this task far more efficiently.
Interestingly, the work caused Mathematician Greta Panova from USC to review the findings and challenge the initial claim of a super-polynomial speedup. She ultimately disproved that bold claim but confirmed a smaller, still meaningful advantage: the quantum algorithm outperforms classical ones by a large margin when scaled. As a result, IBM researcher Vojtěch Havlíček believes that this work not only pushes quantum research forward but could also lead to new breakthroughs across both fields.
Is IBM a Buy, Sell, or Hold?
Turning to Wall Street, analysts have a Moderate Buy consensus rating on IBM stock based on six Buys, six Holds, and one Sell assigned in the past three months, as indicated by the graphic below. Furthermore, the average IBM price target of $294.75 per share implies 3.8% downside risk.
